Shloka 19
Sup–Tiṅ Foundations: Prātipadika, Vibhaktis/Kārakas, and Lakāras
Tense–Mood System
मिब्वस्मस्तु परस्मै हि पदानां चात्मनेपदम् / ताताञ्झ प्रथमो मध्य स्थासाथान्ध्वमथोत्तमः
mibvasmastu parasmai hi padānāṃ cātmanepadam / tātāñjha prathamo madhya sthāsāthāndhvamathottamaḥ
Trong các dạng động từ này, đuôi “mib–vas–mas” thuộc hệ parasmaipada (chủ động); đồng thời cũng phải hiểu các dạng tương ứng của ātmanepada (trung động). Trong mệnh lệnh (imperative), “tāt–āñjha” là dạng prathama (ngôi thứ ba); “sthās–āthām–dhvam” là các dạng madhyama (ngôi thứ hai); và dạng còn lại là uttama (ngôi thứ nhất).
Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinatā-putra in a didactic section)
Concept: Distinguishing parasmaipada vs ātmanepada endings and identifying imperative (loṭ) person-forms such as tāt/āñjha and sthās/āthām/dhvam.
Vedantic Theme: Discrimination (viveka) as a cognitive virtue: separating closely related categories to avoid error.
Application: When encountering or forming loṭ (imperative) and pada-choices, map endings to the correct person and voice to preserve intended meaning.
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: adbhuta
Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.205.18 (tiṅ sets and puruṣa); Garuda Purana 1.205.20 (ādeśa and person interpretation)
FAQs
This verse shows that the text sometimes preserves traditional Sanskrit learning (verb-forms and endings) as part of dharma-oriented instruction, supporting correct recitation and understanding of sacred teachings.
It does not directly describe the afterlife; instead, it functions as a grammatical/didactic note within the broader dharma section, emphasizing disciplined study and accurate transmission of knowledge.
Use it as a reminder to study scriptures carefully—learning correct pronunciation, grammar, and meaning—so rituals, prayers, and teachings are transmitted accurately and responsibly.