Shloka 2
अगम्यागमन-निष्कृति-निर्णयः
Expiations for Forbidden Sexual Relations
Devanagari script
बृहस्पतिरुवाच अगम्यागमनं नाम मातृस्वसृगुरुस्त्रियः / मातुलस्य प्रिया चेति गत्वेमा नास्ति निष्कृतिः
Transliteration
bṛhaspatiruvāca agamyāgamanaṃ nāma mātṛsvasṛgurustriyaḥ / mātulasya priyā ceti gatvemā nāsti niṣkṛtiḥ
Translation
Brihaspati nói: “Agamyagamana” là việc đến với mẹ, dì (chị/em của mẹ), vợ của thầy (guru), và người phụ nữ yêu dấu của cậu (mātula). Ai đã phạm vào đó thì không có nishkriti (pháp sám hối) nào.
Word by Word
bṛhaspatiḥBṛhaspati
bṛhaspatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbṛhaspati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormLuṅ (aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
agamya-āgamanaṃillicit approach
agamya-āgamanaṃ:
Karta (कर्ता/definition topic)
TypeNoun
Rootagamya + āgamana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st), Singular; ‘forbidden-going’
nāmais called
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, naming particle
mātṛ-svasṛ-guru-striyaḥof (one’s) mother, sister, and teacher’s wife
mātṛ-svasṛ-guru-striyaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessive)
TypeNoun
Rootmātṛ + svasṛ + guru + strī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (collective); dvandva list ‘mother, sister, teacher’s wife’ with striyaḥ as head in genitive: ‘of (these) women’
mātulasyaof the maternal uncle
mātulasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootmātula (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th), Singular
priyā(his) beloved/wife
priyā:
Karta (कर्ता, as member of definition list)
TypeNoun
Rootpriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; ‘beloved (woman/wife)’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, quotative/list-closure
gatvāhaving approached
gatvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
FormKtvā absolutive (क्त्वा), ‘having gone/approached’
imāḥthese (women)
imāḥ:
Karma (कर्म/object of gatvā)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd), Plural; demonstrative pronoun
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, negation particle
astithere is
asti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
FormLaṭ (present), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
niṣkṛtiḥexpiation
niṣkṛtiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject of asti)
TypeNoun
Rootniṣkṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular