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Shloka 11

Vidura Leaves Hastināpura and Meets Uddhava

Vidura’s Tīrtha-yātrā Begins

अजातशत्रो: प्रतियच्छ दायं तितिक्षतो दुर्विषहं तवाग: । सहानुजो यत्र वृकोदराहि: श्वसन् रुषा यत्त्वमलं बिभेषि ॥ ११ ॥

ajāta-śatroḥ pratiyaccha dāyaṁ titikṣato durviṣahaṁ tavāgaḥ sahānujo yatra vṛkodarāhiḥ śvasan ruṣā yat tvam alaṁ bibheṣi

Hãy trả lại phần chính đáng cho Yudhiṣṭhira, bậc Ajātaśatru không kẻ thù, người đã nhẫn chịu khổ đau khó kham vì lỗi lầm của ngươi. Ngài đang đợi cùng các em; nơi ấy Bhīma đầy ý báo thù thở gấp như rắn phì phì trong cơn giận—hẳn ngươi sợ hắn.

ajāta-śatroḥof Ajātaśatru (Yudhiṣṭhira)
ajāta-śatroḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootajāta (प्रातिपदिक) + śatru (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; ‘of him whose enemy is not born’ (epithet)
pratiyacchagive back/restore
pratiyaccha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootprati√yam (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यम-पुरुष), Singular; parasmaipada
dāyamshare/inheritance/portion
dāyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
titikṣataḥof the tolerant one
titikṣataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Roottitikṣ (धातु) + śatṛ (कृत्)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ-कृदन्त), Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; ‘of the forbearing one’
durviṣahamhard to bear
durviṣaham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdur (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + viṣaha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; ‘hard to endure’
tavayour
tava:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; pronoun
āgaḥoffense/sin
āgaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (as ‘your sin/offense [is] hard to bear’)
TypeNoun
Rootāgas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
sahatogether with
saha:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
FormPrepositional indeclinable (सह-योगे अव्यय)
anujaḥyounger brother
anujaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to implied subject)
TypeNoun
Rootanuja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
yatrawhere/wherein
yatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
FormRelative adverb (देश/प्रसङ्गवाचक-अव्यय)
vṛkodaraḥVṛkodara (Bhīma)
vṛkodaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛka (प्रातिपदिक) + udara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; bahuvrīhi ‘one whose belly is like a wolf’ (Bhīma)
ahiḥserpent (fierce one)
ahiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (in apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootahi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ‘serpent’ used as epithet (for Bhīma)
śvasanbreathing/heaving
śvasan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√śvas (धातु) + śatṛ (कृत्)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ-कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
ruṣāwith anger
ruṣā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootruṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
yatbecause/that
yat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormCausal/explicative particle (यत्-निपात; ‘because/that’)
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; pronoun
alamgreatly/indeed
alam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootalam (अव्यय)
FormParticle/adverb (निपात/क्रियाविशेषण) meaning ‘enough, excessively, indeed’
bibheṣiyou fear
bibheṣi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhī (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 2nd person (मध्यम-पुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīma (Vṛkodara)
D
Duryodhana
P
Pāṇḍavas (younger brothers)

FAQs

This verse urges restoring the rightful share to the blameless heir, teaching that denying lawful rights is a grave offense against dharma and invites severe consequences.

Vidura tried to restrain Duryodhana from further adharma by reminding him that Bhīma, enraged by injustice toward the Pāṇḍavas, could retaliate powerfully—like a hissing serpent.

Do not exploit the patient and tolerant; correct unfairness early, return what is due, and resolve conflicts before suppressed injustice turns into destructive anger.