Shloka 28

Uddhava’s Counsel: The Jarāsandha Resolution and Kṛṣṇa’s Arrival at Indraprastha

Devanagari script

अर्जुनेन परिष्वक्तो यमाभ्यामभिवादित: । ब्राह्मणेभ्यो नमस्कृत्य वृद्धेभ्यश्च यथार्हत: । मानिनो मानयामास कुरुसृञ्जयकैकयान् ॥ २८ ॥

Transliteration

arjunena pariṣvakto yamābhyām abhivāditaḥ brāhmaṇebhyo namaskṛtya vṛddhebhyaś ca yathārhataḥ mānino mānayām āsa kuru-sṛñjaya-kaikayān

Translation

Sau khi Arjuna lại ôm Ngài và Nakula cùng Sahadeva cúi lạy, Đức Chúa Śrī Kṛṣṇa kính cẩn đảnh lễ các bà-la-môn và bậc trưởng thượng hiện diện, đúng theo lễ nghi. Rồi Ngài tôn vinh những bậc đáng kính của các tộc Kuru, Sṛñjaya và Kaikaya.

Synonyms

• अर्जुनेन: by Arjuna
• अर्जुनेन: करण (Agent-instrument in passive/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• परिष्वक्तः: (having been) embraced
• परिष्वक्तः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Predicate participle of subject/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-√स्वज् (धातु, क्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; (अच्युतः) ‘embraced’

• यमाभ्याम्: by the twins
• यमाभ्याम्: करण (Agent-instrument in passive/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन

• अभिवादितः: (having been) greeted
• अभिवादितः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Predicate participle/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√वद् (धातु, क्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘saluted’

• ब्राह्मणेभ्यः: to the brāhmaṇas
• ब्राह्मणेभ्यः: सम्प्रदान (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/चतुर्थी), बहुवचन

• नमस्कृत्य: having offered obeisance
• नमस्कृत्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नमस्-√कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive)

• वृद्धेभ्यः: to the elders
• वृद्धेभ्यः: सम्प्रदान (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• यथा-अर्हतः: as is proper
• यथा-अर्हतः: क्रियाविशेषण (Manner/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + अर्हत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्यय (adverbial phrase)

• मानिनः: the respected ones
• मानिनः: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘the honored/proud ones’ (object)

• मानयाम्: honored
• मानयाम्: क्रिया (Main action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मान् (धातु, णिच् causative)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect/लिट्) periphrastic with आस्; धातु-रूपम्—णिजन्त (causative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; (मानयाम् + आस)

• आस: did/was (auxiliary)
• आस: क्रिया (Auxiliary/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; सहायक-क्रिया (auxiliary)

• कुरु-सृञ्जय-कैकयान्: the Kurus, Sṛñjayas, and Kaikayas
• कुरु-सृञ्जय-कैकयान्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + सृञ्जय (प्रातिपदिक) + कैकय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (copulative)

Purport

Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī mentions that since Arjuna was considered Lord Kṛṣṇa’s social equal, when Arjuna tried to bow down to Him, Lord Kṛṣṇa held Arjuna by his arms so that he could only embrace Him. The twins, however, being junior cousins, bowed down and grasped Lord Kṛṣṇa’s feet.

Characters & Entities

• Śrī Kṛṣṇa
• Arjuna
• Nakula
• Sahadeva
• Brāhmaṇas
• Kuru elders
• Sṛñjayas
• Kaikayas

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about respecting brāhmaṇas and elders?

This verse shows Kṛṣṇa Himself offering obeisances to brāhmaṇas and honoring elders appropriately, establishing respect for spiritual wisdom and seniority as essential dharma.

Why was Kṛṣṇa embraced by Arjuna and greeted by the twins Nakula and Sahadeva?

In the Indraprastha setting, the Pāṇḍavas receive Kṛṣṇa with familial affection and formal respect, reflecting both intimate devotion and royal/proper etiquette.

Practical application of this teaching in modern life?

Offer due respect to teachers, elders, and spiritually learned persons, and cultivate humility—honor people appropriately without pride, as Kṛṣṇa models.