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Atharva Veda 18.2.28: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 28

Sukta 2

ये दस्य॑वः पि॒तृषु॑ प्रवि॑ष्टा ज्ञातिमु॒खा अ॑हु॒ताद॒श्चर॑न्ति । प॒रा॒पुरो॑ नि॒पुरो॒ ये भर॑न्त्य॒ग्निष्टान॒स्मात् प्र ध॑माति य॒ज्ञात्

yé dásyavaḥ pitṛ́ṣu pravíṣṭā jñātimukhā́ ahutā́daś cáranti | parāpuró nipuró yé bháranty agníṣ tā́n asmā́t prá dhamāti yajñā́t

Those Dasyus who have entered among the Fathers, kinsmen-faced, who roam as eaters of the unoffered; those fortress-spoilers, fortress-breakers who bear away—Agni from this sacrifice blows them forth and drives them off.

Những Dasyu đã lẻn vào giữa các Tổ phụ (Pitṛ), mang bộ mặt như người thân, lang thang như kẻ ăn của không được dâng (ahuta); những kẻ cướp phá thành lũy, kẻ phá thành, kẻ mang đi—Agni từ lễ tế (yajña) này thổi bật chúng ra và xua đuổi chúng đi xa.

येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दस्यवःhostile men / foes
दस्यवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
पितृषुamong the Fathers (ancestors)
पितृषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रविष्टाःhaving entered
प्रविष्टाः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple (past passive) used adjectivally
Rootवि-विश् (धातु) → प्रविष्ट (क्त-प्रत्यय)
ज्ञाति-मुखाःwith kinsmen as their ‘faces’ / led by relatives
ज्ञाति-मुखाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootज्ञाति (प्रातिपदिक) + मुख (प्रातिपदिक) (समासः: बहुव्रीहिः/कर्मधारय-प्रायः)
अहुतात्from the unoffered (oblation) / from what is not sacrificed
अहुतात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun/Adjective (negated PPP) used substantively
Rootआ-हु (धातु) → आहुत (क्त) + अ- (नञ्) → अहुत (प्रातिपदिक)
अश्चरण्तिthey roam / they move about
अश्चरण्ति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर् (धातु) (वेदिक-रूप: अश्चरन्ति)
परापुरःdistant strongholds / far-off forts
परापुरः:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootपरा + पुर (प्रातिपदिक) (समासः/निपात-पूर्वक-प्रातिपदिक)
निपुरःnear strongholds / nearby forts
निपुरः:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootनि + पुर (प्रातिपदिक) (समासः/उपसर्ग-पूर्वक-प्रातिपदिक)
येwho
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
भरन्तिthey bear / carry / bring
भरन्ति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootभृ (धातु)
अग्निःAgni (fire)
अग्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मात्from this
अस्मात्:
Apādāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth / forward
प्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (निपात)
धमातिblows (away)
धमाति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootध्मा (धातु)
यज्ञात्from the sacrifice
यज्ञात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

Rishi: Atharvanic funerary tradition (AV 18)

Devata: Agni (as purifier/expeller); secondarily Pitṛs as protected recipients

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Primary: vira

Secondary: raudra

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