Sutra 4
Devanagari script
तस्मात्कर्तारं करणं देशं कालं कार्यं प्रक्षेपमुदयं चैषु विद्यात् ॥ कZ_०२.९.०४ ॥
Transliteration
tasmāt kartāraṃ karaṇaṃ deśaṃ kālaṃ kāryaṃ prakṣepam udayaṃ ca eṣu vidyāt
Translation
Vì vậy, trong những việc này cần biết: người thực hiện, phương tiện, địa điểm, thời gian, công việc, các khoản/đầu vào được ứng trước, và sản lượng/thu hoạch thu được.
Word by Word
तस्मात्therefore; from that (reason)
तस्मात्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formablative singular (पञ्चमी एकवचन), masculine/neuter; deictic pronoun used adverbially = 'therefore/from that reason'
कर्तारम्the doer; the agent
कर्तारम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकृ
Formaccusative singular (द्वितीया एकवचन), masculine; agent noun (कर्तृ)
करणम्the instrument; the means
करणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकृ
Formaccusative singular (द्वितीया एकवचन), neuter; instrument/means noun
देशम्the place; the region
देशम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
Formaccusative singular (द्वितीया एकवचन), masculine
कालम्the time
कालम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकल्
Formaccusative singular (द्वितीया एकवचन), masculine
कार्यम्the work; the task
कार्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकृ
Formaccusative singular (द्वितीया एकवचन), neuter; gerundive-derived noun sense 'that which is to be done'
प्रक्षेपम्the projection; the estimate; the planned outlay
प्रक्षेपम्:
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-क्षिप्
Formaccusative singular (द्वितीया एकवचन), masculine; action noun
उदयम्the outcome; the yield; the result
उदयम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउद्-इ
Formaccusative singular (द्वितीया एकवचन), masculine; action/result noun
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formindeclinable conjunction
एषुin these; among these
एषु:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formlocative plural (सप्तमी बहुवचन), masculine/neuter; 'among/in these'
विद्यात्should know; should ascertain
विद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
Formoptative (विधिलिङ्), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular; 'should know/should ascertain'
Entities Mentioned
A
agent (kartā)R
resources/means (karaṇa)P
place (deśa)T
time (kāla)T
task (kārya)A
advance/input (prakṣepa)Y
yield/outcome (udaya)FAQs
To create a complete audit trail: responsibility (who), capability (with what), context (where/when), mandate (what), expenditure (how much advanced), and measurable outcome (what yielded).