Sutra 14
Devanagari script
स चेदज्ञानादिभिः परिहापयति तदेनं यथागुणं दापयेत् ॥ कZ_०२.९.१४ ॥
Transliteration
sa ced ajñānādibhiḥ parihāpayati tad enaṃ yathāguṇaṃ dāpayet
Translation
Nếu ông ta gây ra sự thiếu hụt do ngu dốt và những nguyên nhân tương tự, thì phải buộc ông ta bồi hoàn tương xứng với mức độ lỗi/ năng lực của ông ta (yathāguṇa).
Word by Word
सःhe (that person)
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formsarvanāma; prathamā-vibhakti; ekavacana; pumliṅgaḥ
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeParticle
Rootचेत्
Formavyaya; conditional particle (yadi-artha)
अज्ञानादिभिःdue to ignorance and the like (i.e., similar causes)
अज्ञानादिभिः:
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ञान
Formtṛtīyā-vibhakti; bahuvacana; napuṃsakaliṅga (ajñāna); ‘ādi’ indicates inclusion of similar causes; instrumental of cause
परिहापयतिcauses a loss / makes (it) fall short
परिहापयति:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-हā (causative)
Formlaṭ-lakāra; prathama-puruṣa; ekavacana; parasmaipada; ṇijanta (causative): ‘causes to diminish/causes loss’
तत्then/that (in that case)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formsarvanāma; dvitīyā-vibhakti; ekavacana; napuṃsakaliṅga; object-correlative (‘then/that’)
एनम्him
एनम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (enad-pronoun)
Formsarvanāma (enad); dvitīyā-vibhakti; ekavacana; pumliṅgaḥ; object (‘him’)
यथागुणम्according to (his) degree/merit; proportionately
यथागुणम्:
TypeAdverbial (indeclinable usage of accusative)
Rootयथा + गुण
Formavyayībhāva-samāsa; accusative singular used adverbially; meaning ‘according to (his) qualities/degree’
दापयेत्should cause (him) to pay / should make him compensate
दापयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (causative)
Formvidhi-liṅ (optative); prathama-puruṣa; ekavacana; parasmaipada; ṇijanta (causative) of √dā: ‘cause to pay/compel to give’
Entities Mentioned
O
official/agentT
treasuryFAQs
He separates loss from ignorance/incompetence from deliberate fraud, prescribing proportional recovery rather than automatic severe punishment.
Sanctions calibrated to role, responsibility, and degree of fault—an early proportionality doctrine in public administration.