Sutra 47
Devanagari script
उपायाः सामोपप्रदानभेददण्डाः ॥ कZ_०२.१०.४७ ॥
Transliteration
upāyāḥ sāmopapradāna-bheda-daṇḍāḥ
Translation
Các biện pháp (công cụ chính sách) gồm: hòa giải/thuyết phục (sāma), dụ dỗ bằng quà tặng/lợi ích (upapradāna), chia rẽ (bheda), và cưỡng chế/trừng phạt (daṇḍa).
Word by Word
उपायाःmeans; measures; expedients (of policy)
उपायाः:
TypeNoun
Rootउप + √इ (इण्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; ‘उपाय’ (means/measure)
सामconciliation; persuasion
साम:
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन (समाहार/जातिवाचक-प्रयोगः)
उपप्रदानgiving; offering (gifts/inducements)
उपप्रदान:
TypeNoun
Rootउप + √दा (दाने)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘उपप्रदान’ (giving/offer)
भेदdissension; division
भेद:
TypeNoun
Root√भिद् (भेदने)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘भेद’ (division/splitting)
दण्डाःpunishments; coercive force
दण्डाः:
TypeNoun
Root√दण्ड्/दण्ड (दण्डने)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; ‘दण्ड’ (punishment/force)
FAQs
As a graduated toolkit: begin with low-cost persuasion, escalate to incentives, then strategic disruption of hostile coordination, and finally coercion when necessary.
Functionally similar as inducement; the term emphasizes a contextual offering to secure a specific administrative or political outcome.