Sutra 11

Devanagari script

विपरीतः प्रकोपक इति ॥ कZ_०९.४.११ ॥

Transliteration

viparītaḥ prakopaka iti

Translation

Trường hợp ngược lại là sự khiêu khích và gây ra oán giận.

Word by Word

• विपरीतः: contrary; reversed; opposite (i.e., acting in the opposite way)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-परि-इ (→ विपरी)
• Form: प्रातिपदिक: विपरीत; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (विशेषणम्)

• प्रकोपकः: an aggravator; provocateur; one who causes provocation
• Type: Noun (agent noun)
• Root: प्र-√कुप् (कोपने)
• Form: प्रातिपदिक: प्रकोपक; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

• इति: thus; ‘so’ (end-quotative)
• Type: Particle/Quotative
• Root: इति
• Form: अव्ययम्; वाक्य-समाप्ति/उद्धरण-चिह्नार्थे

More Details

FAQs

What is the ‘reverse case’ here?

When an unrighteous actor gains from a righteous one (or when acquisition appears unjust), it triggers anger among both internal and external audiences.