Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 77
Bhūmi–Vana–Auṣadhi–Ādi Vargāḥ (भूमिवनौषध्यादिवर्गाः) — Lexical Groups on Earth, Settlements, Architecture, Forests, Materia Medica, and Fauna
गतिरुड्डिनसण्डीनौ कुलायो नीडमस्त्रियां पेशी कोषो द्विहीने ऽण्डं पृथुकः शावकः शिशुः
gatiruḍḍinasaṇḍīnau kulāyo nīḍamastriyāṃ peśī koṣo dvihīne 'ṇḍaṃ pṛthukaḥ śāvakaḥ śiśuḥ
Gati, uḍḍina và saṇḍīna là các từ chỉ “chim”. Kulāya và nīḍa là các từ chỉ “tổ”. Peśī và koṣa chỉ “vỏ bọc/bao”. Aṇḍa nghĩa là “trứng” (cũng có thể chỉ tinh hoàn). Pṛthuka, śāvaka và śiśu là các từ chỉ “con non/đứa trẻ”, tức “con cái, hậu duệ”.
Lord Agni (instructing Vashistha in an encyclopedic, glossary-style section)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Vyakarana","secondary_vidya":"Alamkara","practical_application":"Lexical and semantic clarity for bird-related terms (bird, nest, sheath, egg, young); supports both technical description and poetic imagery.","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Definition","entry_title":"Avian and Biological Terms: Bird, Nest, Sheath, Egg, Offspring","lookup_keywords":["kulaya","nida","anda","shavaka","kosha"],"quick_summary":"Gives kośa-equivalents for nest and offspring terms and clarifies aṇḍa’s dual sense (egg/testicle), useful for accurate interpretation and avoidance of ambiguity."}
Alamkara Type: Śleṣa (potential via aṇḍa: egg/testicle)
Concept: Context governs meaning where one word has multiple senses (aṇḍa).
Application: In commentary/translation, disambiguate polysemy by syntactic and thematic context; in poetry, exploit it for śleṣa when appropriate.
Khanda Section: Sahitya-shastra (Lexicography / Synonyms and technical vocabulary)
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: karuna
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A bird near its nest with eggs and chicks; beside it, a schematic of ‘sheath/envelope’ (kośa/peśī) as a protective covering, like a manuscript diagram.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style tree branch with nest (कुलाय/नीड), eggs (अण्ड), chicks (शावक/शिशु), and decorative inset showing a sheath labeled पेशी/कोष, warm earthy tones","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting with gold leaf halo around a nest scene, stylized eggs and chicks, ornate label panels for kulāya, nīḍa, aṇḍa, śāvaka, śiśu, kośa","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting instructional plate: labeled nest, egg, chick; separate cross-section drawing of a ‘kośa’ sheath, neat callouts and margins like a kośa manuscript","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature: delicate nest in flowering tree, realistic eggs and fledglings, marginal captions listing synonyms; subtle background landscape wash"}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Kapi","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: गतिरुड्डिनसण्डीनौ → गतिः उड्डिनः सण्डीनौ. नीडमस्त्रियां → नीडम् अस्त्रियाम्. द्विहीने ऽण्डं → द्विहीने अण्डम्.
Related Themes: Agni Purana 362 (Kośa: semantic clusters and polysemy notes)
FAQs
This verse imparts lexical knowledge (śabda-jñāna): standardized Sanskrit synonyms for bird, nest, sheath/covering, egg, and offspring—useful for precise composition, interpretation, and scholarly reading.
By cataloging synonyms and usage-markers (like neuter/dual indications), it functions like a compact dictionary embedded within the Purana, supporting multiple disciplines—poetics, grammar, and accurate transmission of technical terms across subjects.
While not a ritual injunction, correct understanding of sacred language is traditionally treated as meritorious: it safeguards accurate recitation, interpretation, and teaching—thereby supporting dharma through right knowledge (samyag-jñāna).