Varaha Purana 195.2 — Adhyaya 195, Shloka 2

Description of Sinners Abiding in Yama’s Realm

Catalog of Transgressions and the Logic of Retribution

Devanagari script

संसारं तु यथाशक्ति कथ्यमानं निबोधत ॥ असत्यवादिनो ये च जन्तुस्त्रीबालघातकाः

Transliteration

saṃsāraṃ tu yathāśakti kathyamānaṃ nibodhata || asatyavādino ye ca jantu-strī-bāla-ghātakāḥ

Translation

میں اپنی استطاعت کے مطابق سنسار کا یہ بیان کر رہا ہوں—اسے سمجھو؛ اس میں جھوٹ بولنے والے اور جانداروں، عورتوں اور بچوں کے قاتل بھی شامل ہیں۔

Word by Word

• saṃsāram: worldly course/transmigration (here: account)
• saṃsāram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃsāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, particle (अवधारण/विरोध)

• yathāśakti: according to (my/one’s) ability
• yathāśakti: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + śakti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyayībhāva compound (अव्ययीभाव), adverbial; meaning ‘according to ability’

• kathyamānam: being narrated
• kathyamānam: Karma (कर्म—qualifier of saṃsāram)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √kath (कथ् धातु)
• Form: Present passive participle (मान), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• nibodhata: understand/know
• nibodhata: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-√budh (बुध् धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• asatyavādinaḥ: liars/speakers of falsehood
• asatyavādinaḥ: Karta (कर्ता—class of persons)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a-satya (प्रातिपदिक) + vādin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (असत्यं वदन्ति)

• ye: who
• ye: Karta (कर्ता—correlative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative pronoun (यद्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction (समुच्चय)

• jantu-strī-bāla-ghātakāḥ: killers of creatures, women, and children
• jantu-strī-bāla-ghātakāḥ: Karta (कर्ता—class of persons)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jantu (प्रातिपदिक) + strī (प्रातिपदिक) + bāla (प्रातिपदिक) + ghātaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (जन्तूनां स्त्रीणां बालानां घातकाः)

Speaker

Nāciketa

Varaha Avatara Context

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":false}

Bhu Devi Dialogue

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":false,"speaker_role":"instructor"}

Mathura Mandala

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false}

Dharma Shastra

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":true,"instruction_summary":"Catalogues adharma: false speech and violence (including killing women/children) as grave moral faults within worldly existence.","karmic_consequence":"Such acts are implied to lead to demerit and punitive post-mortem outcomes (naraka/duḥkha), as part of a moral taxonomy."}

Vrata Mahatmya

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false}

Philosophical Teaching

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"ethics (dharma-adharma viveka)","core_concept":"Speech and action shape saṃsāric bondage; falsehood and violence are primary adharma-roots.","practical_application":"Practice satya, ahiṃsā, and protection of the vulnerable; avoid harm by word and deed."}

Subject Matter

Subject Matter: ["Ethics"]

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Varaha Purana 195.3.0-195.6.0 (continuation of moral taxonomy)

Visual Art Cues

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A didactic recitation scene: the speaker enumerates classes of wrongdoers as a moral map of saṃsāra.","item_prompts":["seated teacher figure reciting","listeners attentive","scroll/palm-leaf manuscript","darkened backdrop suggesting saṃsāra","symbolic figures representing false speech and violence"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style, warm earthy palette; a seated ācārya-like figure teaching, palm-leaf manuscript, stylized symbolic vignettes of adharma in the margins.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore style with gold leaf halo around the instructor; ornate manuscript stand; small narrative panels showing satya vs asatya and protection vs violence.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting style, delicate linework; calm teacher posture; subdued symbolic silhouettes of wrongdoers behind, emphasizing moral contrast.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style; intimate teaching setting with layered hills/architecture as metaphor; small grouped figures illustrating falsehood and killing as cautionary motifs."}

Audio Atmosphere

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"admonitory, grave","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"medium-slow","voice_tone":"firm, didactic, compassionate-underwarning"}

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Narrative
• Moral Taxonomy

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It exemplifies Purāṇic moral cataloging—grouping transgressions (speech-ethics and violence) as part of an instructive taxonomy for audiences.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic site is named; the focus is ethical classification.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

It condemns false speech and violence against vulnerable beings, presenting them as serious moral violations.