Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 49

Devanagari script

यदि प्रातस्तवायं च भर्त्ता जीवति निष्ठुरे । येन मे जनिता पीडा प्राणांतकरणी दृढा

Transliteration

yadi prātastavāyaṃ ca bharttā jīvati niṣṭhure | yena me janitā pīḍā prāṇāṃtakaraṇī dṛḍhā

Translation

اگر، اے سنگ دل، تیرا شوہر صبح تک زندہ رہا—وہی جس نے مجھے ایسی سخت اذیت دی جو جان لے لینے والی ہے—

Word by Word

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha (Condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तार्थक अव्यय (conditional particle)

• prātaḥ: in the morning
• prātaḥ: Adhikaraṇa (Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prātaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)

• tava: your
• tava: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ayam: this (man)
• ayam: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• bhartā: husband
• bhartā: Karta (Subject—apposition to ayam)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• jīvati: lives
• jīvati: Kriyā (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jīv (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• niṣṭhure: O cruel one
• niṣṭhure: Sambodhana (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niṣṭhura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन; संबोधन

• yena: by which; whereby
• yena: Karaṇa/Hetu (Instrument/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध/हेतौ ‘by which/whereby’

• me: my / of me
• me: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-रूप (enclitic), एकवचन; अत्र षष्ठी (of me)

• janitā: produced, caused
• janitā: Kriyā (Participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: janita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √jan + क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘produced’ (pīḍā इति)

• pīḍā: pain, torment
• pīḍā: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pīḍā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• prāṇa-anta-karaṇī: life-ending
• prāṇa-anta-karaṇī: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक) + karaṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (प्राणानाम् अन्तं करोति इति) विशेषण (pīḍā)

• dṛḍhā: severe, firm
• dṛḍhā: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dṛḍha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (pīḍā)

Speaker

Māṇḍavya (contextual continuation)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Ṛṣis (frame assumed)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A charged moment: the speaker recalls life-ending torment and sets a condition tied to dawn; the air feels like a curse about to be pronounced.

Characters & Entities

• Māṇḍavya
• Dīrghikā (implied addressee)
• Dīrghikā’s husband (unnamed)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Harm done to others can rebound through dharmic consequence; the Purāṇic narrative warns against cruelty and causing life-threatening suffering.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The broader passage belongs to a tīrtha-māhātmya section, but this verse alone does not identify the site by name.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No explicit ritual is given; the verse functions as a lead-in to a curse/boon sequence within the tīrtha narrative.