Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 143

Devanagari script

यश्च तं पितरं रुद्रं त्यक्त्वा मातरमं बिकाम् । वर्ततेऽसौ स्वपितरं त्यक्तोदपितृपिंडकः । यस्य रुद्रस्य माहात्म्यं शतरूद्रीयमुत्तमम्

Transliteration

yaśca taṃ pitaraṃ rudraṃ tyaktvā mātaramaṃ bikām | vartate'sau svapitaraṃ tyaktodapitṛpiṃḍakaḥ | yasya rudrasya māhātmyaṃ śatarūdrīyamuttamam

Translation

جو رُدر، باپ، اور امبیکا، ماں، کو ترک کر دے، وہ گویا اپنے ہی باپ کو چھوڑ کر جیتا ہے، اور پِتروں کے لیے پِنڈ دان سے محروم رہتا ہے۔ اسی رُدر کی عظمت کو اعلیٰ ‘شترُدریہ’ بیان کرتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक-यः (relative pronoun)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• tam: that
• tam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; निर्देश (demonstrative pronoun)

• pitaram: father
• pitaram: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• rudram: Rudra
• rudram: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; पितरम् इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषण/अपपद (apposition)

• tyaktvā: having abandoned
• tyaktvā: Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial to action/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tyaj (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकाल (having abandoned)

• mātaram: mother
• mātaram: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• am: (unclear particle)
• am: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: am (अव्यय/पाठान्तर-सम्भाव्य)
• Form: पाठदोष/अस्पष्ट-अव्यय; सम्भवतः ‘api’/‘eva’ इत्यादि का विकृतरूपम्

• bikām: Bikā (unclear)
• bikām: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bikā (प्रातिपदिक; पाठान्तर/अस्पष्ट)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; शब्दार्थ/पाठ अनिश्चित

• vartate: behaves/continues
• vartate: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vṛt (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• asau: that person
• asau: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; निर्देश (demonstrative pronoun)

• sva-pitaram: one's own father
• sva-pitaram: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक) + pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (स्वस्य पितरम्)

• tyakta-udapitr̥-piṃḍakaḥ: one who has abandoned ancestral offerings
• tyakta-udapitr̥-piṃḍakaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tyakta (त्यज्-क्त, कृदन्त) + udapitr̥ (उदक+पितृ, प्रातिपदिक) + piṃḍaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि—‘यस्य उदपितृपिण्डकः त्यक्तः सः’ (one who has abandoned the water/oblations for ancestors)

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative)

• rudrasya: of Rudra
• rudrasya: Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• māhātmyam: greatness, glory
• māhātmyam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māhātmya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; अत्र प्रथमा (विषय/उद्देश्य)

• śata-rūdrīyam: Śatarudrīya (hymn)
• śata-rūdrīyam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śata (प्रातिपदिक) + rūdrīya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समास—‘शतरुद्रीयम्’ (the Śatarudrīya hymn)

• uttamam: supreme, excellent
• uttamam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘शतरूद्रीयम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

Speaker

Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) (deduced from Māheśvara-khaṇḍa narration context)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A didactic scene: a sage/narrator warns devotees that abandoning Rudra and Ambikā is like becoming ‘fatherless’ and neglecting ancestral offerings; in the background, a Vedic recitation of Śatarudrīya is implied with ritual implements (kuśa, water-pot).

Characters & Entities

• Rudra
• Ambikā
• Śatarudrīya

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Rejecting Rudra and Ambikā is portrayed as severing oneself from one’s very spiritual lineage; Śiva-bhakti is aligned with Vedic authority (Śatarudrīya).

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No tīrtha is specified; the verse emphasizes theological and dharmic legitimacy of Rudra worship.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

It alludes to pitṛ-tarpaṇa/piṇḍa offerings as a dharmic duty, using it as an analogy for neglecting Śiva.