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Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 84

गोमयं यमुना साक्षाद्गोमूत्रं नर्मदा शुभा । गंगा क्षीरं तु यासां वै किं पवित्रमतः परम्

gomayaṃ yamunā sākṣādgomūtraṃ narmadā śubhā | gaṃgā kṣīraṃ tu yāsāṃ vai kiṃ pavitramataḥ param

گائے کا گوبر حقیقتاً یمنا ہے، گائے کا پیشاب مبارک نرمدا ہے، اور ان گایوں کا دودھ ہی گنگا ہے—اس سے بڑھ کر پاک کرنے والا اور کیا ہو سکتا ہے؟

gomayamcow-dung
gomayam:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक) + maya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष: 'cow-dung'; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
yamunāYamunā
yamunā:
Samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootyamunā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
sākṣātdirectly / verily
sākṣāt:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsākṣāt (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb) — 'directly, manifestly'
gomūtramcow-urine
gomūtram:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक) + mūtra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष: 'cow-urine'; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
narmadāNarmadā
narmadā:
Samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootnarmadā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
śubhāauspicious
śubhā:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootśubha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — agreeing with नर्मदा
gaṅgāGaṅgā
gaṅgā:
Samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
kṣīrammilk
kṣīram:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
tuand / but
tu:
Sambandha (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वयबोधक अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)
yāsāmof whom (of which)
yāsām:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक/सम्भावनार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
kimwhat?
kim:
Prashna (Interrogative)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular); प्रश्नवाचक
pavitrampure / purifying
pavitram:
Viśeṣya (Predicate/Complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootpavitra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular)
ataḥthan this / from this
ataḥ:
Apādāna (Ablative sense/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootataḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (ablatival adverb) — 'from this/than this, therefore'
paramhigher / greater
param:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular)

Skanda

Tirtha: Gaṅgā / Yamunā / Narmadā (as equivalences)

Type: river

Scene: A symbolic tableau: cow-dung transforming into Yamunā’s dark-blue stream, cow-urine into Narmadā’s shimmering current, and milk into Gaṅgā’s luminous white flow—three rivers emanating from a serene cow.

Y
Yamunā
N
Narmadā
G
Gaṅgā
G
Gomaya (cow-dung)
G
Gomūtra (cow-urine)
K
Kṣīra (milk)

FAQs

The cow is portrayed as a living source of purification equivalent to India’s greatest sacred rivers, reinforcing go-sevā as a high dharma.

Gaṅgā, Yamunā, and Narmadā are invoked as tīrtha-benchmarks, within the Kāśī Khaṇḍa’s broader sacred-geography worldview.

No explicit rite is commanded; the verse supports traditional purificatory valuation of cow-derived substances in dharmic contexts.