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Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 19

Devanagari script

मातुलस्य सुतामूढ्वा मातृगोत्रां तथैव च । समानप्रवरां चैव त्यक्त्वा चांद्रायणं चरेत्

Transliteration

mātulasya sutāmūḍhvā mātṛgotrāṃ tathaiva ca | samānapravarāṃ caiva tyaktvā cāṃdrāyaṇaṃ caret

Translation

اگر کسی نے ماموں کی بیٹی سے، یا ماں کے گوتر والی عورت سے، یا ہم-پروَرہ عورت سے نکاح کر لیا ہو، تو اسے چھوڑ کر چاندْرایَن کا پرایَشچِت (کفّارہ) ادا کرے۔

Word by Word
मातुलस्यof the maternal uncle
मातुलस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootमातुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन (genitive singular)
सुताम्daughter
सुताम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (accusative singular)
ऊढ्वाhaving married/taken (as wife)
ऊढ्वा:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√वह्/√ऊह् (धातु; ‘to marry/take as wife’) + क्त्वा (अव्ययकृदन्त)
Formअव्ययकृदन्त (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; absolutive/gerund)
मातृmother
मातृ:
Samasa-anga (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक; समासपूर्वपद (mother)
गोत्राम्(a woman) of the mother’s gotra
गोत्राम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगोत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (मातृ-गोत्रा = मातुः गोत्रा); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (accusative singular)
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
Sambandha (Modifier/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: thus/so)
एवindeed/just
एव:
Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारणार्थक निपात (particle of emphasis)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)
समानsame
समान:
Samasa-anga (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रातिपदिक; समासपूर्वपद (same/equal)
प्रवराम्(a woman) having the same pravara
प्रवराम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवरा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (समान-प्रवरा = समानः प्रवरः यस्याः); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (accusative singular)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphasis)
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned/renounced
त्यक्त्वा:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√त्यज् (धातु) + क्त्वा (अव्ययकृदन्त)
Formअव्ययकृदन्त (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; absolutive/gerund)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)
आन्द्रायणम्the Cāndrāyaṇa penance
आन्द्रायणम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआन्द्रायण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (accusative singular); व्रतनाम (name of a penance)
चरेत्should perform/practice
चरेत्:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√चर् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद (should practice)
Speaker

Unspecified (dharma instruction within Dharmāraṇya Khaṇḍa)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A penitent performing Cāndrāyaṇa: austere setting, measured portions of food, lunar calendar marked; a guru instructs; the couple separated respectfully, emphasizing expiation over drama.

FAQs

It upholds lineage-based dharma boundaries and prescribes repentance and correction when those boundaries are breached.

No holy site is praised; the focus is on social-religious law and expiation.

Cāndrāyaṇa—an expiatory observance traditionally regulated by the lunar cycle (diet/discipline), undertaken here as prāyaścitta.

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