Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 157

Devanagari script

भुक्तोत्थितौ तु विश्राम्य शय्यासु च क्षमापयेत् । गुरुमूलं यतः सर्वं गुरुर्ज्ञेयो महेश्वरः

Transliteration

bhuktotthitau tu viśrāmya śayyāsu ca kṣamāpayet | gurumūlaṃ yataḥ sarvaṃ gururjñeyo maheśvaraḥ

Translation

کھانا کھا کر اٹھنے کے بعد انہیں بستر پر آرام دے کر ان سے معافی مانگنی چاہیے؛ کیونکہ تمام دھرم کی جڑ گرو ہے—گرو کو خود مہیشور ہی جاننا چاہیے۔

Word by Word

• bhukta: having eaten
• bhukta: Kāla/Avadhāraṇa (Temporal qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhuj (धातु) → bhukta (कृदन्त)
• Form: भुज्-धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् (समासपूर्वपदत्वात् अव्यक्त-विभक्ति)

• utthitau: (two) having risen
• utthitau: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ut-√sthā (धातु) → utthita (कृदन्त)
• Form: उत्+स्था-धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुल्लिङ्गे प्रथमा द्विवचनम्

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle); विरोध/अन्वयार्थे

• viśrāmya: having rested
• viśrāmya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial qualifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vi-√śram (धातु) → viśrāmya (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययीभावरूप (gerund); पूर्वक्रिया

• śayyāsu: on the beds
• śayyāsu: Adhikaraṇa (Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śayyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति; बहुवचनम्

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• kṣamāpayet: should cause (them) to forgive / should ask forgiveness
• kṣamāpayet: Kriyā (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṣamāpay (धातु; णिच्)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (imperative); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः; एकवचनम्; णिजन्त (causative)

• guru-mūlam: having the guru as the root
• guru-mūlam: Karma/Viśeṣya (Object/Predicate nominal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक) + mūla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (गुरोः मूलम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्

• yataḥ: because/from which
• yataḥ: Hetu (Cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्बन्धबोधक अव्यय (causal relative adverb)

• sarvam: everything
• sarvam: Karta/Viśeṣya (Subject/Totality)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्

• guruḥ: the guru
• guruḥ: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचनम्

• jñeyaḥ: is to be known/recognized
• jñeyaḥ: Vidhi (Injunctive predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √jñā (धातु) → jñeya (कृदन्त)
• Form: ज्ञा-धातोः यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligatory); पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम्

• maheśvaraḥ: Mahēśvara (Śiva)
• maheśvaraḥ: Samānādhikaraṇa (Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maheśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचनम्

Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) to the sages (deduced: Āvantya Khaṇḍa narrative style)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā-kṣetra (Narmadā tīrthas)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: null

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A pilgrim-householder respectfully attends a seated guru after a meal, arranging a clean bed and then bowing with folded hands to ask pardon; subtle Śiva-aura behind the guru to indicate Maheśvara-identification.

Characters & Entities

• Guru
• Maheśvara (Śiva)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The guru is the foundation of spiritual life; honoring the guru with service and humility is equivalent to honoring Śiva.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse is doctrinal (guru-tattva) rather than site-specific, within the Revā Khaṇḍa’s tīrtha-oriented framework.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Provide rest after feeding, and formally request forgiveness—an etiquette of guru-sevā and pūjā completion.