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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 1

शिवाश्रम-नित्यनैमित्तिककर्मविधिः / Śaiva Āśrama-Duties: Daily and Occasional Rites

Morning Purity & Bath Procedure

Devanagari script

कृष्ण उवाच । भगवञ्छ्रोतुमिच्छामि शिवाश्रमनिषेविणाम् । शिवशास्त्रोदितं कर्म नित्यनैमित्तिकं तथा

Transliteration

kṛṣṇa uvāca | bhagavañchrotumicchāmi śivāśramaniṣeviṇām | śivaśāstroditaṃ karma nityanaimittikaṃ tathā

Translation

کرشن نے کہا—اے بھگون! میں شِوا آشرم کے پابند رہنے والوں کے بارے میں سننا چاہتا ہوں؛ شِوا شاستروں میں بتائے گئے نِتیہ کرم اور نَیمِتِک وِدھی کرم بیان فرمائیے۔

Word by Word
कृष्णःKrishna
कृष्णः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
भगवन्O Lord
भगवन्:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
श्रोतुम्to hear
श्रोतुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable infinitive)
इच्छामिI wish
इच्छामि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन
शिव-आश्रम-निषेविणाम्of those who resort to Shiva’s āśrama (discipline)
शिव-आश्रम-निषेविणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootशिव (प्रातिपदिक) + आश्रम (प्रातिपदिक) + निषेविन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (शिवस्य आश्रमः → शिवाश्रमः; शिवाश्रमं निषेवते इति निषेविन्)
शिव-शास्त्र-उदितम्declared in the Śiva-śāstra
शिव-शास्त्र-उदितम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootशिव (प्रातिपदिक) + शास्त्र (प्रातिपदिक) + उदित (कृदन्त, √वद्/√उद्?; here ‘उदित’ as ‘said/declared’)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषार्थः: शिवशास्त्रेण उदितम् (declared in Shiva’s scripture)
कर्मduty/ritual action
कर्म:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
नित्य-नैमित्तिकम्daily and occasional (rites)
नित्य-नैमित्तिकम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक) + नैमित्तिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; द्वन्द्व-समासः (नित्यं च नैमित्तिकं च)
तथाand also; likewise
तथा:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक/समुच्चयार्थक (adverb: ‘also/likewise’)
Speaker

Krishna

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Characters & Entities
K
Krishna
S
Shiva

FAQs

It frames Śiva-bhakti as a disciplined path: seekers should learn the Śaiva duties (karmas) that purify the soul and make it fit for Śiva’s grace, distinguishing steady daily practice from occasion-based rites.

By asking for the Śiva-śāstra–taught duties, Kṛṣṇa points toward regulated Saguna worship—such as Śiva-pūjā to the Liṅga—performed as nitya observance, with special naimittika rites on sacred days.

The verse signals two layers of practice: daily Śiva-oriented discipline (nitya)—often including mantra-japa like the Pañcākṣarī—and occasional observances (naimittika) such as vrata and festival worship, typically supported by Śaiva marks like bhasma (tripuṇḍra) and rudrākṣa where prescribed.

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