Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 43

शैवधर्मप्रशंसा तथा पञ्चविधसाधनविभागः / Praise of Śaiva Dharma and the Fivefold Classification of Practice

Devanagari script

यद्यथावस्थितं वस्तु तत्तथैव सदाशिवः । अयत्नेनैव जानाति तस्मात्सर्वज्ञ उच्यते

Transliteration

yadyathāvasthitaṃ vastu tattathaiva sadāśivaḥ | ayatnenaiva jānāti tasmātsarvajña ucyate

Translation

جو شے جیسی حقیقت میں ہے، سداشیو اسے ویسا ہی بےکوشش جان لیتے ہیں؛ اسی لیے وہ ‘سروَجْن’ کہلاتے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• यत्: whatever
• यत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/correlative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय-प्रयोग; यत्-सम्बन्धी अव्यय (correlative ‘whatever/that which’)

• यथा: as, in the manner that
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; यथार्थक-क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: as/how)

• अवस्थितम्: situated, existing (as it is)
• अवस्थितम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/modifier of वस्तु)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अव + स्था (धातु) → अवस्थित (कृदन्त)
• Form: कृदन्त; भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया; एकवचन (Neuter; Nom/Acc; Singular)

• वस्तु: a thing, entity
• वस्तु: Karma (कर्म/object of जानाति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन (Neuter; Nom/Acc; Singular)

• तत्: then/that
• तत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/correlative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय-प्रयोग; तद्-सम्बन्धी अव्यय (correlative ‘then/that’)

• तथा: thus, in that very way
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: thus/so)

• एव: exactly, indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis)

• सदाशिवः: Sadāśiva
• सदाशिवः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सदा + शिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन (Masculine; Nominative; Singular); समास: सदा शिवः (कर्मधारय)

• अयत्नेन: without effort, effortlessly
• अयत्नेन: Karana (करण/instrument—manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अयत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; एकवचन (Masculine; Instrumental; Singular)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis)

• जानाति: knows
• जानाति: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present Indicative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन (Present; Parasmaipada; 3rd person; Singular)

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Hetu (हेतु/reason marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय-प्रयोग; तस्मात् (ablatival adverb: therefore/from that)

• सर्वज्ञः: omniscient
• सर्वज्ञः: Karta (कर्ता/predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन (Masculine; Nominative; Singular); समास: सर्वं जानाति इति/सर्वस्य ज्ञः (तत्पुरुष-प्रायः)

• उच्यते: is called
• उच्यते: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate—passive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present Indicative); आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive sense) (Present; Ātmanepada; 3rd person; Singular; Passive)

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating the Vāyavīya philosophical teaching to the sages at Naimiṣāraṇya)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Mantra Metadata

Type: stotra

Shakti Dimension

Role: teaching

Cosmic Context

Cosmic Event: omniscience spanning all tattvas and all times (implicit tri-kāla-jñāna)

Characters & Entities

• Sadashiva
• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It affirms Sadāśiva as Pati—the Supreme Consciousness whose knowledge is direct and effortless, knowing all beings and bonds exactly as they are; this grounds the devotee’s trust that liberation (mokṣa) is guided by perfect divine awareness, not guesswork.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship trains the mind to rest in Shiva as the all-pervading Reality; even when approached through saguna forms and symbols, the devotee contemplates that Shiva’s awareness is complete and immediate—He knows the worshipper’s inner state as it truly is.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is jñāna-yukta bhakti: daily Linga-pūjā with the Panchākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) while meditating that Sadāśiva witnesses thoughts effortlessly; this supports self-inquiry, purification of pāśa (bondage), and steady devotion.