Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 4

दिव्यरथारोहणम् — Śiva’s Ascent on the Divine Chariot

Pre-battle Portents

Devanagari script

ऋषिभिः स्तूयमानश्च देवगंधर्वपन्नगैः । विष्णुना ब्रह्मणा चापि लोकपालैर्बभूव ह

Transliteration

ṛṣibhiḥ stūyamānaśca devagaṃdharvapannagaiḥ | viṣṇunā brahmaṇā cāpi lokapālairbabhūva ha

Translation

وہ رشیوں، دیوتاؤں، گندھروؤں اور پَنّگوں کی ستوتی سے گھِرے تھے؛ وشنو، برہما اور لوک پال بھی ان کی بندگی کر رہے تھے۔

Word by Word

• ऋषिभिः: by sages
• ऋषिभिः: करण/कर्ता-समूह (Instrumental of agency)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• स्तूयमानः: being praised
• स्तूयमानः: विशेषण (Qualifier of Śiva)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्तु (धातु) + यमान (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि कृदन्त (Present passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; धातु: स्तु (to praise)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• देवगन्धर्वपन्नगैः: by gods, gandharvas, and serpents
• देवगन्धर्वपन्नगैः: करण/कर्ता-समूह (Instrumental of agency)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + गन्धर्व + पन्नग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (deva-gandharva-pannaga = 'gods, gandharvas, and serpents'); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• विष्णुना: by Viṣṇu
• विष्णुना: करण/कर्ता-समूह (Instrumental of agency)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ब्रह्मणा: by Brahmā
• ब्रह्मणा: करण/कर्ता-समूह (Instrumental of agency)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अप्यर्थे (also/even)

• लोकपालैः: by the guardians of the worlds
• लोकपालैः: करण/कर्ता-समूह (Instrumental of agency)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोकपाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (loka-pāla = 'protector of the world'); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• बभूव: was; became
• बभूव: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; धातु: भू (to be/become)

• ह: indeed
• ह: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (अव्यय)
• Form: पादपूरण/निपात (expletive particle)

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Rudra

Jyotirlinga Context

Sthala Purana: No specific Jyotirliṅga; the verse is a pan-cosmic stuti scene where all orders of beings praise Śiva, underscoring His universal lordship.

Significance: Models kīrtana/stuti as a universal dharma; inspires devotees to join the ‘cosmic choir’ of praise for receiving grace and protection.

Mantra Metadata

Type: stotra

Ritual Elements

Offering: pushpa

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Brahma
• Lokapalas
• Rishis
• Devas
• Gandharvas
• Nagas

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It shows Shiva’s supreme adorability (pūjyatva): all orders of beings—from sages to cosmic rulers—unite in stuti, indicating that devotion and surrender to Pati (Shiva) is honored across the cosmos.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

The verse models Saguna-upāsanā through praise: as the devas and Lokapālas offer stuti to the manifest Lord, devotees similarly worship Shiva in accessible form (including the Linga) through hymns, names, and reverent remembrance.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Stotra-pāṭha and nāma-japa: recite Shiva stutis or chant the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with a bhāva of reverence, mirroring the collective praise offered by sages and gods.