Rig Veda 7.33.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 33, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.33

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (self-referential; addressed to Vasiṣṭhas)

Devata: Collective seer-band / ritual community (contextual); indirectly Indra-linked narrative in the following verses

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 7.33)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

श्वित्यञ्चो मा दक्षिणतस्कपर्दा धियंजिन्वासो अभि हि प्रमन्दुः । उत्तिष्ठन्वोचे परि बर्हिषो नॄन्न मे दूरादवितवे वसिष्ठाः ॥

Transliteration

śvityáñco mā dakṣiṇatáḥ-kapardā dhiyáṃ-jinvāso abhí hí pramandúḥ | ut-tíṣṭhan voce pári barhíṣo nṝ́n ná me dūrā́d avitave vásiṣṭhāḥ ||

Translation

Gleaming, with their locks bound on the right, they have gladdened me, fostering the thought, pressing near in delight. Rising up, I speak, encompassing the men around the sacred grass: O Vasiṣṭhas, be not far from me for protection.

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Word by Word

• श्वित्यञ्चः: bright/white-shining (ones)
• श्वित्यञ्चः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्वित्यञ्च- (प्रातिपदिक; श्विति + अञ्च् ‘to go/turn’ > ‘white-shining, bright-moving’)

• मा: me
• मा: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (अहं-प्रत्यय) / मा (एन्क्लिटिक सर्वनाम)

• दक्षिणतस्कपर्दाः: with braids on the right side
• दक्षिणतस्कपर्दाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: दक्षिणतस् (अव्यय ‘from the right’) + कपर्द- (प्रातिपदिक ‘braid/tuft; having braided hair’)

• धियंजिन्वासः: impelling/enlivening the thought
• धियंजिन्वासः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: जिव्/ज्यू (धातु ‘to quicken, impel, enliven’) > जिन्व (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + -as (बहुवचन)

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• हि: indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• प्रमन्दुः: they rejoiced greatly
• प्रमन्दुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन्द् (धातु ‘to rejoice, be glad’) + प्र- (उपसर्ग)

• उत्तिष्ठन्: rising up
• उत्तिष्ठन्: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: स्था (धातु ‘to stand’) + उत्- (उपसर्ग)

• वोचे: I spoke
• वोचे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु ‘to speak’)

• परि: around
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• बर्हिषः: of the sacrificial grass (barhis)
• बर्हिषः: अधिकरण/सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: बर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक ‘sacrificial grass, barhis’)

• नॄन्: men
• नॄन्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ (प्रातिपदिक ‘man’)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• मे: my / of me
• मे: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• दूरात्: from afar
• दूरात्: अपादान
• Type: Indeclinable (ablatival form used adverbially)
• Root: दूर (प्रातिपदिक ‘far’)

• अवितवे: to help, to protect
• अवितवे: प्रयोजन
• Type: Verbal noun / Infinitive
• Root: अव् (धातु ‘to protect, help’) > अवितृ (कर्तृ-नाम) / अवितव् (इन्फिनिटिव-प्रयोग)

• वसिष्ठाः: the Vasiṣṭhas (Vasiṣṭha’s clan)
• वसिष्ठाः: कर्तृ/सम्बोधन-सदृश (वाक्य-विषय)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: वसिष्ठ- (प्रातिपदिक; ऋषि-नाम)