Rig Veda 5.64.1 — Mandala 5, Sukta 64, Mantra 1
Sukta 5.64
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha
Devata: Varuṇa and Mitra (invoked together)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (opening style suggests shorter meter; exact metrical classification may vary by recension—commonly treated as gāyatrī-type in such openings)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वरुणं वो रिशादसमृचा मित्रं हवामहे । परि व्रजेव बाह्वोर्जगन्वांसा स्वर्णरम् ॥
Transliteration
váruṇaṃ vo riśā́dasam ṛcā́ mitráṃ havāmahe | pári vrajéva bāhvór jaganvā́ṃsā svàrṇaram ||
Translation
With the inspired hymn we call Varuṇa, the smiter of harm, and Mitra. Like a pen encircling and holding, they encompass with their arms the luminous man—so that our being may be guarded in the wideness of heaven-light.
Word by Word
वरुणम्Varuṇa (as object of invocation)
वरुणम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
वःof you / your
वः:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
रिशादसम्harm-destroying / injury-warding
रिशादसम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootरिशादस् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समास)
ऋचाwith a hymn/verse
ऋचा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootऋच्/ऋचा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ऋच्’ स्त्री. ‘ऋचा’ तृतीया एक.)
मित्रम्Mitra (as object of invocation)
मित्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
हवामहेwe invoke / we call
हवामहे:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वा (ह्वयति) / Vedic √हू (आह्वाने)
परिaround, all around
परि:
(क्रियाविशेषण/उपसर्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
व्रजेवas (if) in/around a pen/enclosure
व्रजेव:
अधिकारण (व्रजे) / उपमान (इव)
TypeNoun + Indeclinable
Rootव्रज (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (अव्यय)
बाह्वोःof the two arms / in the two arms
बाह्वोः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
जगन्वांसौthe two who have come / who have arrived
जगन्वांसौ:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Root√गम् (गच्छति) → जगन्वस् (परिपूर्ण/परफेक्ट-भागवत्/कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
स्वर्णरम्bright/beautifully shining (one)
स्वर्णरम्:
कर्म/लक्ष्य
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर्णर (प्रातिपदिक; विशेषण)
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