Rig Veda 5.58.1 — Mandala 5, Sukta 58, Mantra 1
Sukta 5.58
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition; RV 5 attributed to the Atri family; this hymn is Marut-focused within that collection)
Devata: Marutaḥ (the Maruts, Rudra’s storm-host; here as collective force-powers)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas typical for Marut hymns; verse structure aligns with Triṣṭubh cadence)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तमु नूनं तविषीमन्तमेषां स्तुषे गणं मारुतं नव्यसीनाम् । य आश्वश्वा अमवद्वहन्त उतेशिरे अमृतस्य स्वराजः ॥
Transliteration
tám u nūnáṁ távīṣīmantam eṣā́ṁ stuṣé gaṇáṁ mārutáṁ návyasīnām | yá āśváśvā́ amávad váhanta utéśire amṛ́tasya svárājaḥ ||
Translation
Now I praise that Marut-host of theirs, charged with force, ever new in its workings—those who bear on swift steeds the might of the soul, and who also rule as self-kings in the deathless (immortal) being.
Word by Word
तम्him/that (one)
तम्:
कर्म (स्तुषे इति क्रियायाः)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उand/indeed
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
नूनम्now; indeed
नूनम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम् (अव्यय)
तविषीमन्तम्possessing might/strength
तविषीमन्तम्:
कर्म (तम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootतविषी-मत् (प्रातिपदिक; मतुप्-प्रत्यय)
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (गणम् इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
स्तुषेI praise
स्तुषे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootस्तु (धातु)
गणम्the troop/host
गणम्:
कर्म (स्तुषे)
TypeNoun
Rootगण (प्रातिपदिक)
मारुतम्Marut(-belonging); of the Maruts
मारुतम्:
कर्म (गणम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootमारुत (प्रातिपदिक)
नव्यसीनाम्of the ever-new (Maruts)
नव्यसीनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (मारुतं गणम्—‘of the ever-new (ones)’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Noun-like
Rootनव्यसीन (प्रातिपदिक; ‘नव्य’ + तुल्य/वृद्धि-भावः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग-बहुवचन-सम्बन्ध)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (वहन्त इति क्रियायाः)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आश्वश्वाःhaving swift horses
आश्वश्वाः:
कर्तृ (वहन्त—मरुतः)
TypeAdjective
Rootआश्व-अश्व (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समासः: ‘swift-horsed’)
अमवत्mighty; vigorous
अमवत्:
कर्तृ (वहन्त—मरुतः)
TypeAdjective
Rootअमवत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अम’ + वत्)
वहन्तthey carry/drive
वहन्त:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवह् (धातु)
उतand also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत्/उत (निपात)
ईशिरेthey rule; they are masters
ईशिरे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootईश् (धातु)
अमृतस्यof immortality; of the nectar
अमृतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (ईशिरे—‘of immortality/nectar’)
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
स्वराजःself-ruling (ones); sovereigns
स्वराजः:
कर्तृ (ईशिरे—मरुतः)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootस्वराज् (प्रातिपदिक)
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