Rig Veda 5.53.4: Mandala 5, Sukta 53, Mantra 4

Sukta 5.53

Rishi: Atri (Atraya tradition) — commonly associated with Mandala 5 hymns

Devata: Maruts

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ये अञ्जिषु ये वाशीषु स्वभानवः स्रक्षु रुक्मेषु खादिषु । श्राया रथेषु धन्वसु ॥

Transliteration

yé añjíṣu yé vā́śīṣu svabhā́navaḥ srakṣú rukméṣu khādíṣu | śrāyā́ ratheṣu dhánvasu ||

Translation

They who are in the swift energies, they who are in the cries, self-luminous—on garlands, on golden ornaments, on bright adornments—glorious upon their chariots, on their wide courses.

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Word by Word

• ये: who (they)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अञ्जिषु: in/with ornaments (decorations)
• अञ्जिषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अञ्जि- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अञ्जि’ = अङ्ग/अलङ्कार/अञ्जन, ‘ornament/decoration’)

• ये: who (they)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वाशीषु: in/with axes (weapons)
• वाशीषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाशी- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वाशी’ = कुलिश/वज्र-धार/कुठार-धार, ‘axe/weapon’)

• स्वभानवः: self-radiant, shining by themselves
• स्वभानवः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व-भानु- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘own/self’ + ‘light, radiance’)

• स्रक्षु: in/with garlands
• स्रक्षु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्रक्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘garland/wreath’)

• रुक्मेषु: in/with golden ornaments
• रुक्मेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुक्म- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘gold ornament, golden’)

• खादिषु: in/with blades (sharp weapons)
• खादिषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: खादि- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘blade/knife/sword’; from √खाद् ‘to bite/chew’ > ‘biting edge’)

• श्रायाः: strong, splendid
• श्रायाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्राय- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘splendour/strength’; Vedic) अथवा √श्रि/√श्रय्-सम्बद्ध

• रथेषु: on/in chariots
• रथेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ- (प्रातिपदिक)

• धन्वसु: in/with bows
• धन्वसु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन्वन्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bow’)