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Rig Veda 3.31.18: Mandala 3, Sukta 31, Mantra 18

Sukta 3.31

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for RV 3.31)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh

पतिर्भव वृत्रहन्त्सूनृतानां गिरां विश्वायुर्वृषभो वयोधाः । आ नो गहि सख्येभिः शिवेभिर्महान्महीभिरूतिभिः सरण्यन् ॥

pátir bhava vṛtrahan sūnṛ́tānāṃ girā́ṃ viśvā́yur vṛ́ṣabho vayo-dhā́ḥ | ā́ no gahi sakhyébhiḥ śivébhir mahā́n mahī́bhir ūtíbhiḥ saraṇyán ||

Become the lord, O Vṛtra-slayer, of the true-inspired utterances, of the words that widen life; the bull who upholds our powers of growth. Come to us with friendships that are auspicious—with your vast and mighty helps, O lovable guide.

पतिःlord, master
पतिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपति- (प्रातिपदिक)
भवbecome; be
भव:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू
वृत्रहन्O Vṛtra-slayer
वृत्रहन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन्- (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र-हन् ‘वृत्र-हन्ता’)
सूनृतानाम्of true/pleasant speeches
सूनृतानाम्:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootसूनृता- (प्रातिपदिक)
गिराम्of songs/hymns
गिराम्:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootगिर्- (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वायुःall-life; life-giving to all
विश्वायुः:
Kartā (विशेषणम् ‘पतिः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्वायु- (प्रातिपदिक; विश्व + आयुस्)
वृषभःbull; mighty one
वृषभः:
Kartā (समनाधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृषभ- (प्रातिपदिक)
वयोधाःbestower/supporter of vigor (vayas)
वयोधाः:
Kartā (समनाधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun (agent/epithet)
Rootवयोधा- (प्रातिपदिक; वयस् + धा ‘धारयति/दधाति’)
hither; towards
:
(क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
नःto us; our
नः:
Sampradāna (हितार्थे ‘to us’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
गहिcome
गहि:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
सख्येभिःwith friendships; with friendly bonds
सख्येभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य- (प्रातिपदिक)
शिवेभिःauspicious, kindly
शिवेभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootशिव- (प्रातिपदिक)
महान्great
महान्:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्- (प्रातिपदिक)
महीभिःwith great (powers/helps)
महीभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमही- (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊतिभिःwith aids, protections
ऊतिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootऊति- (प्रातिपदिक)
सरण्यन्hastening; swiftly coming/streaming
सरण्यन्:
Kartā (विशेषणम्—‘he who is hastening/flowing’)
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootसृ (धातु) → सरण्यत्/सरण्यन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त, शतृ)

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