Rig Veda 2.8.1: Mandala 2, Sukta 8, Mantra 1

Sukta 2.8

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava) (traditional attribution for RV 2.8)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वाजयन्निव नू रथान्योगाँ अग्नेरुप स्तुहि । यशस्तमस्य मीळ्हुषः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.8.1

Transliteration

vājayánn iva nū́ rathā́n yógāṃ agnér úpa stuhi | yaśás-tamasya mīḷhúṣaḥ ||

Translation

As one urging on the plenitudes of force, now praise the yokes and chariots of Agni—the most glorious of the bounteous giver—his means of swift inner advance.

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Word by Word

• वाजयन्: bestowing/impelling (prizes, strength)
• वाजयन्: कर्तृ (अग्निः—‘वाजयन्’ इति विशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: वाजय् (नामधातु < वाज ‘बल/पुरस्कार’) / √वाज् (वाजयति)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• नु: now, indeed
• नु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु

• रथान्: chariots
• रथान्: कर्म (योगान्/युजः—योज्य-वस्तु) अथवा स्तुहि-क्रियायाः विषयः
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ

• योगान्: yokes, teams, harnessings
• योगान्: कर्म (स्तुहि—‘praise (the) yokes/teams’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग

• अग्नेः: of Agni
• अग्नेः: सम्बन्ध (योगान्/रथान्—अग्नेः) अथवा स्तुत्य-सम्बन्धः
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि

• उप: near, towards; up (as preverb)
• उप: — (स्तुहि इत्यस्य उपसर्गभावः)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb) / particle
• Root: उप

• स्तुहि: praise!
• स्तुहि: क्रिया (आह्वान/आदेशः) — कर्ता: त्वम् (ऋषिः/स्तोता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्तु (स्तौति)

• यशस्तमस्य: of the most glorious/famed
• यशस्तमस्य: सम्बन्ध (मीळ्हुषः—‘of the most glorious giver’)
• Type: Adjective (superlative)
• Root: यशस् + तमप् (तम) प्रत्यय

• मीळ्हुषः: of the giver/rewarder
• मीळ्हुषः: सम्बन्ध (अग्नेः—‘of the rewarding/giving one’)
• Type: Noun (agentive)
• Root: मीळ्हु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दानशील/पुरस्कर्तृ’) < √मिळ्ह्/√मृळ्ह् (वेद. ‘to give, to reward’)