Rig Veda 10.77.8: Mandala 10, Sukta 77, Mantra 8

Sukta 10.77

Devata: Ādityas (solar powers of Truth) / beneficent divine helpers in yajña (exact devatā not explicit in the single verse)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable, based on RV 10 style and cadence; needs full-sūkta metrical confirmation)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ते हि यज्ञेषु यज्ञियास ऊमा आदित्येन नाम्ना शम्भविष्ठाः । ते नोऽवन्तु रथतूर्मनीषां महश्च यामन्नध्वरे चकानाः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.77.8

Transliteration

té hí yajñéṣu yajñíyāsa ū́mā ādityéna nā́mnā śáṃ-bhaviṣṭhāḥ | té no’vantu rathá-tūr manīṣā́m maháś ca yā́mann adhvaré cakānā́ḥ ||

Translation

For they are truly the most worthy in the workings of sacrifice—these powers of fervour, auspicious in the name of Āditya (the solar Truth). May they protect for us the inspired thought that speeds like a chariot, and the vast greatness, rejoicing in the movement and in the flawless offering.

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Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• यज्ञेषु: in the sacrifices
• यज्ञेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञियासः: worthy of sacrifice, sacrificial
• यज्ञियासः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यज्ञिय (प्रातिपदिक; यज्ञ + यत्/इय-प्रत्ययः)

• ऊमाः: helpers/benefactors (Ūmāḥ)
• ऊमाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊमा (प्रातिपदिक)

• आदित्येन: with/by (the name) Āditya
• आदित्येन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• नाम्ना: by name
• नाम्ना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• शम्भविष्ठाः: most beneficent, most auspicious
• शम्भविष्ठाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शम्भविष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; शम्-भू + इष्ठ-तम-भावः, अतिशयार्थः)

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: us
• नः: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अवन्तु: may they protect
• अवन्तु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव् (धातु; अव रक्षणे)

• रथतूर्मनीषाम्: the chariot-driving/impetuous inspired thought (our swift chariot-like counsel)
• रथतूर्मनीषाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथतूर्मनीषा (प्रातिपदिक; रथ + तूर्म + मनीषा, समासः)

• महः: greatness, great power
• महः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महत्/महस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• यामन्: on the way, in the course (of the journey/rite)
• यामन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: यामन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अध्वरे: in the rite/sacrifice
• अध्वरे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• चकानाः: rejoicing, delighting (being eager/bright)
• चकानाः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: कन्/कन (धातु; वेदे ‘कन्’ = तुष्टौ/दीप्तौ/हर्षे; ककान/चकान-रूपः)