Rig Veda 10.75.7: Mandala 10, Sukta 75, Mantra 7

Sukta 10.75

Rishi: Sindhukṣit Praiyamedha

Devata: Sindhu

Chandas: Trishtubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऋजीत्येनी रुशती महित्वा परि ज्रयांसि भरते रजांसि । अदब्धा सिन्धुरपसामपस्तमाश्वा न चित्रा वपुषीव दर्शता ॥

Transliteration

ṛjīty énī rúśatī mahitvā́ pári jráyāṃsi bharate rájāṃsi | adábdhā síndhur apásām apástamā́śvā́ na citrā́ vápūṣīva darśatā́ ||

Translation

Straight-moving, impetuous, shining in her greatness, Sindhu bears around her the far-stretching spaces. Unhurt and unconquered, most active among the active powers, she is visible in a wondrous form like bright steeds: so may the luminous force in us move irresistibly through the fields of consciousness.

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Word by Word

• ऋजीत्येनी: having straight/true-going course; swift/impetuous (as a river)
• ऋजीत्येनी: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण कर्तृपदस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋजीति- (प्रातिपदिक, ‘ऋजि/ऋजु’ + ‘इति’ > ‘ऋजीति’), एनी- (प्रातिपदिक) समासः

• रुशती: shining, bright
• रुशती: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रुशत्- (प्रातिपदिक; √रुश्/रुच् ‘दीप्तौ’ से ‘रुशत्’ ‘shining’)

• महित्वा: by (her) greatness, through majesty
• महित्वा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: महि- (प्रातिपदिक) → महित्व- (भाव-नाम), तृतीया

• परि: around, all about
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• ज्रयांसि: decays, worn-out things (signs of age)
• ज्रयांसि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्रयस्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ज्रयस्’ = ‘old age/decay’, बहुवचन-रूप)

• भरते: she bears/carries, brings along
• भरते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भृ (भरणे)

• रजांसि: regions/spaces; (also) dust/mists (here: expanses/realms)
• रजांसि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अदब्धा: unharmed, unassailable, not deceived
• अदब्धा: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-दब्ध- (प्रातिपदिक; नञ्-पूर्वक ‘दब्ध’ < √दभ् ‘हिंसायाम्/दम्भे’ ‘to harm/deceive’)

• सिन्धुः: the River (Sindhu), the stream
• सिन्धुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अपसाम्: of the waters
• अपसाम्: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्/अपस्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘waters, work’—here ‘waters’)

• अपस्तमम्: the most active/most effective (among) the waters
• अपस्तमम्: Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपस्- (प्रातिपदिक) + तमप् (तम-प्रत्यय; अतिशयार्थे)

• आश्वाः: swift like a horse
• आश्वाः: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आश्व- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘horse-like, swift’)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय; उपमा)

• चित्रा: variegated, wondrous, bright
• चित्रा: Kartā/Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चित्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• वपुषी: two forms/appearances
• वपुषी: Kartā (उपमान-निर्देशे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वपुस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: as if, like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय; उपमा)

• दर्शता: lovely to see, beautiful
• दर्शता: Kartā/Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दर्शत- (प्रातिपदिक; √दृश् ‘दर्शन’ से ‘दर्शत’ ‘visible, lovely’)