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Rig Veda 10.53.8: Mandala 10, Sukta 53, Mantra 8

Sukta 10.53

Rishi: Agni/Hotṛ-centered cycle (speaker representing the sacrificers seeking the true Hotṛ/Agni)
Devata: Collective aspirants with divine support; the ‘crossing’ motif aligns with guiding powers (often Indra/Agni in broader Vedic usage, though not named here)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires metrical verification)

अश्मन्वती रीयते सं रभध्वमुत्तिष्ठत प्र तरता सखायः । अत्रा जहाम ये असन्नशेवाः शिवान्वयमुत्तरेमाभि वाजान् ॥

áśmanvatī rī́yate sáṃ rabhadhvam úttiṣṭhata prá taratā sakhāyaḥ | átrā jahāma yé ásann áśevāḥ śivā́n vayám úttaremābhí vā́jān ||

The stony river is rushing—grasp together; arise and cross beyond, O comrades. Here let us leave behind those who were unhelpful; may we cross upward into the auspicious, toward plenitudes of force.

अश्मन्वतीstone(-like), stony (fem.)
अश्मन्वती:
कर्तृ (रीयते इत्यस्य) / विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootअश्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + -वत् (तद्धित) → अश्मन्वत्
रीयतेmoves, flows, goes
रीयते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√री (रीङ्/रि) ‘गत्यर्थ’
सम्together, completely
सम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (रभध्वम्) / उपसर्ग
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
रभध्वम्take hold (together), grasp
रभध्वम्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√रभ् ‘आलम्बने/ग्रहणे’
उत्up, forth
उत्:
क्रियाविशेषण (तिष्ठत) / उपसर्ग
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
तिष्ठतstand up, arise
तिष्ठत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√स्था ‘स्थितौ’
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
क्रियाविशेषण (तरत) / उपसर्ग
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
तरतcross over
तरत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√तॄ (तॄ/तॄञ्) ‘तरणे’
सखायःO friends / companions
सखायः:
सम्बोधन/कर्तृ (आज्ञार्थेषु)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
जहामwe have left/abandoned
जहाम:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√हा ‘त्यागे’
येwho, those who
ये:
कर्तृ (असन् इत्यस्य) / सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
असन्were
असन्:
क्रिया (सापेक्ष-वाक्ये)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् ‘भुवि’
अशेवाःunfriendly, unkind, not auspicious
अशेवाः:
विशेषणम् (ये…असन्)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ- + शेव (प्रातिपदिक; ‘शिव/शेव’ = शुभ/हित) → अशेव
शिवान्auspicious, favorable
शिवान्:
कर्म (उत्तरेम) / विशेष्यः वाजान्
TypeAdjective
Rootशिव (प्रातिपदिक)
वयम्we
वयम्:
कर्तृ (उत्तरेम)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उत्up, over
उत्:
क्रियाविशेषण (तरेम) / उपसर्ग
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
तरेमmay we cross over
तरेम:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√तॄ (तॄ/तॄञ्) ‘तरणे’
अभिtowards, over, upon
अभि:
क्रियाविशेषण (उत्तरेम) / उपसर्ग
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वाजान्prizes, spoils; (also) strength/food
वाजान्:
कर्म (उत्तरेम)
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक)

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