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Rig Veda 10.42.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 42, Mantra 4

Sukta 10.42

Devata: Indra

त्वां जना ममसत्येष्विन्द्र संतस्थाना वि ह्वयन्ते समीके । अत्रा युजं कृणुते यो हविष्मान्नासुन्वता सख्यं वष्टि शूरः ॥

tvā́ṃ jánā mama-satyéṣv indra saṃtasthānā́ ví hvayante samīké | átrā yújaṃ kṛṇute yó havíṣmān nā́sunvatā sakhyáṃ vaṣṭi śū́raḥ ||

Men call you, O Indra, in the gatherings where the truth of the soul is tested and affirmed. Here he becomes yoked to you who offers the oblation; but the heroic power does not choose friendship with one who does not press (the Soma), who does not distill the delight.

त्वाम्you (as object)
त्वाम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक) < √जन्
ममmy
मम:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सत्येषुin (the) truths / true (rites)
सत्येषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
संतस्थानाassembled, standing together
संतस्थाना:
कर्तृ (जनाः-विशेषणत्वेन)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootसम् + √स्था (धातु) → संतस्था- (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; ‘standing together/assembled’)
विapart, forth; intensifier
वि:
(क्रियाविशेषण/उपसर्ग) ह्वयन्ते इत्यस्य
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
ह्वयन्तेthey call, invoke
ह्वयन्ते:
क्रिया (कर्तृ=जनाः)
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वे (आह्वाने) / √ह्वा
समीकेin the encounter/at the meeting (place)
समीके:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसमीक (प्रातिपदिक) < सम् + √ईक्ष्/√इक्? (वैदिक ‘encounter/meeting’ अर्थे स्थिर-प्रातिपदिक)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
अधिकरण/देश-निर्देश (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
युजम्a yoked one/ally, yoke-fellow
युजम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootयुज् (प्रातिपदिक) < √युज्
कृणुतेhe makes (for himself), he forms
कृणुते:
क्रिया (कर्तृ=यः)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करणे)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हविष्मान्having oblation, possessing offering
हविष्मान्:
कर्तृ (यः-विशेषणत्वेन)
TypeAdjective (possessive)
Rootहविष्मन्त् (प्रातिपदिक) < हविस् + -मन्त्
not
:
निषेध (वष्टि इत्यस्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
असुन्वताwith the non-presser (of Soma), with one who does not press
असुन्वता:
सह/करण (येन सह/यस्य सह सख्यं न वष्टि)
TypeAdjective/Participle (used substantively)
Rootअ + सुन्वत् (प्रातिपदिक) < √सु (सोम-प्रसवे) वर्तमान-कृदन्त ‘pressing’
सख्यम्friendship, alliance
सख्यम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य (प्रातिपदिक) < सखि
वष्टिhe desires/chooses
वष्टि:
क्रिया (कर्तृ=यः हविष्मान्)
TypeVerb
Root√वश् (इच्छायाम्/वरणे) वैदिक ‘to wish/choose’
शूरःthe hero, the brave man
शूरः:
कर्तृ (यः हविष्मान् शूरः—समनाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootशूर (प्रातिपदिक)

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