Shloka 37

युद्धकाण्डे पञ्चनवतितमः सर्गः

Sarga 95: Lamentation in Laṅkā and the Causal Chain of Enmity

Devanagari script

रावणस्यापनीतेनदुर्विनीतस्यदुर्मतेः ।।।।अयंनिष्टानकोघोरंशोकेनसमभिप्लुतः ।

Transliteration

rāvaṇasyāpanītena durvinītasya durmateḥ | ayaṃ niṣṭānako ghoraṃ śokena samabhiplutaḥ || 6.95.37 ||

Translation

راون کے اُس بدکردار فعل کے سبب—جو بدتربیت اور بدعقل ہے—یہ ہولناک آفت ہم پر چھا گئی ہے، جو غم کے سیلاب میں ڈوبی ہوئی ہے۔

Word by Word

• rāvaṇasya: of Ravana
• rāvaṇasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th), Singular

• apanītena: by the abduction
• apanītena: Hetu/Karana (हेतु/करण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: apa-√nī (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter/Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Singular; 'by the act of taking away/abduction'

• durvinītasya: of the ill-disciplined
• durvinītasya: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dur + vinīta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya with prefix dur-; Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th), Singular; qualifying 'rāvaṇasya'

• durmateḥ: of the evil-minded one
• durmateḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durmati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya with dur-; Feminine, Genitive (6th), Singular; appositional to 'durvinītasya'

• ayam: this
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular

• niṣṭānakaḥ: a dreadful end/doom (or 'stare/omen' per tradition)
• niṣṭānakaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niṣṭānaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; rare/epic word

• ghoram: terribly
• ghoram: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adjective, Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular used adverbially/intensively with predicate

• śokena: with grief
• śokena: Karana/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Singular

• samabhiplutaḥ: is overwhelmed
• samabhiplutaḥ: Karta-visheshana/Predicative (कर्तृविशेषण/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-abhi-√plu (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; agreeing with 'ayam'

Context

"Because of the misconduct of the evil-minded Ravana's immoral action, terrific destruction attended by grief stares at us."

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Śoka (grief)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma—especially violation of another’s rightful relationship and autonomy—inevitably ripens into collective ruin and grief.

What is the narrative situation?

The verse draws a direct causal line from Rāvaṇa’s immoral conduct to the impending disastrous end filled with sorrow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral discernment (viveka) by contrast: the text highlights the absence of self-discipline in Rāvaṇa as the root of catastrophe.