Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 93, Shloka 63

Sarga 93: Rāvaṇa’s Grief and Fury after Indrajit’s Fall; Move to Slay Vaidehī and Ministerial Restraint

Devanagari script

कथंनामदशग्रीव साक्षद्वैश्रवणानुज ।।।।हन्तुमिच्छसिवैदेहींक्रोधाद्धर्ममपास्य च ।

Transliteration

kathaṃ nāma daśagrīva sākṣād vaiśravaṇānuja |

hantum icchasi vaidehīṃ krodhād dharmam apāsya ca || 6.93.63 ||

Translation

اے دشگریو! اے ویشروَن (کُبیر) کے حقیقی چھوٹے بھائی! تو غصّے میں دھرم کو چھوڑ کر ویدیہی کو قتل کرنے کی خواہش کیسے کر سکتا ہے؟

Word by Word

• vedavidyāvratasnātaḥ: one who has completed the vow of Vedic study
• vedavidyāvratasnātaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: veda + vidyā + vrata + snāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (वेदविद्यायां व्रते स्नातः/समाप्तव्रतः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘you’ इति विशेषण

• svakarmanirataḥ: engaged in ones own duties
• svakarmanirataḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva + karma + nirata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (स्वकर्मणि निरतः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थ-अव्यय (adverb ‘so/likewise’)

• striyaḥ: of a woman
• striyaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: strī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन (Vedic/epic variant form for striyāḥ); ‘of a woman’

• kasmāt: why
• kasmāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थ-अव्यय (ablatival sense ‘from what reason/why?’)

• vadham: killing
• vadham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vadha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• vīra: O hero
• vīra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• manyase: you consider
• manyase: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: man (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; ‘you think/consider’

• rākṣaseśvara: O lord of rākṣasas
• rākṣaseśvara: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (राक्षसानाम् ईश्वरः); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Context

"You being the direct brother of Kubera (one of the guardians of the world), ten head Lord desires to seek Vaidehi in fury and kill her casting righteousness?"

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa (Daśagrīva)
• Kubera (Vaiśravaṇa)
• Sītā (Vaidehī)
• Dharma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Anger must not override dharma; harming an innocent—especially a protected woman—is condemned as adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Suparśva challenges Rāvaṇa’s impulse to kill Sītā in rage, reminding him of his stature and duty.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-restraint and adherence to dharma over krodha (anger), expected especially of a ruler.