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Shloka 55

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

सपात्यमानैर्गिरिशृङ्गवृक्षैरचिन्तयंस्तान्विपुलान् प्रहारान् ।निद्राक्ष्यात् क्षुद्भयपीडितश्चविजृम्भमाणस्सहसोत्पपाप ।।।।

sapātyamānaiḥ giriśṛṅga-vṛkṣair acintayaṃs tān vipulān prahārān | nidrākṣayāt kṣudbhaya-pīḍitaś ca vijṛmbhamāṇaḥ sahasotpapāpa ||

گرتی ہوئی پہاڑی چوٹیوں اور درختوں کے عظیم ضربوں سے بھی وہ بے پروا رہا؛ مگر جب نیند چھٹنے لگی اور بھوک کا خوف ستانے لگا تو وہ جمائی لیتا ہوا یکایک اٹھ کھڑا ہوا۔

saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana
pātyamānaiḥby (things) being hurled down
pātyamānaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootpat (धातु) causative pāṭay-/pātay- + śānac (शानच्)
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (3rd/instrumental), Bahuvacana; viśeṣaṇa of giriśṛṅgavṛkṣaiḥ: 'being made to fall/being hurled down'
giriśṛṅgavṛkṣaiḥby mountain-peaks and trees
giriśṛṅgavṛkṣaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootgiri-śṛṅga-vṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/instrumental), Bahuvacana; dvandva: 'mountain-peaks and trees'
acintayannot heeding
acintayan:
Karta (कर्ता; participle qualifying saḥ)
TypeVerb
Roota-cint (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; 'not considering'
tānthose
tān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd/accusative), Bahuvacana
vipulānhuge
vipulān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvipula (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Bahuvacana; viśeṣaṇa of prahārān
prahārānblows / strikes
prahārān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpra-hāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd/accusative), Bahuvacana
nidrākṣayātfrom the cessation of sleep
nidrākṣayāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/source)
TypeNoun
Rootnidrā-kṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Pañcamī (5th/ablative), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'from the end of sleep'
kṣudbhayapīḍitaḥafflicted by hunger and fear
kṣudbhayapīḍitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier of saḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣudh-bhaya-pīḍita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; kta-derivative 'afflicted'; tatpuruṣa: 'afflicted by hunger and fear'
caand
ca:
Sambandha (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)
vijṛmbhamāṇaḥyawning
vijṛmbhamāṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-jṛmbh (धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
FormPresent middle participle (शानच्), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; 'yawning/stretching'
sahasāsuddenly
sahasā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsahasā (अव्यय)
FormKriyā-viśeṣaṇa-avyaya (adverb)
utpapāpasprang up
utpapāpa:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootut-pat (धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (Imperfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

Tormented by hunger and hit by mountain peaks and huge trees he sprang up suddenly descended and awakened.

K
Kumbhakarṇa
M
Mountain peaks (giriśṛṅga)
T
Trees (vṛkṣa)

FAQs

The episode underscores that unchecked appetite (kṣudhā) can drive action more powerfully than reason. In Ramāyaṇa ethics, mastery over impulses supports dharma; slavery to them tilts toward adharma.

Kumbhakarṇa is awakened through violent external shocks, yet the decisive turning point is internal—sleep fading and hunger intensifying.

Implied virtue is self-control (dama). The verse shows its opposite: a being moved primarily by bodily compulsion rather than moral deliberation.