Shloka 40

लङ्कानिरीक्षणं व्यूहविन्यासश्च

Survey of Lanka and Deployment of the Battle Formation

Devanagari script

तच्चास्यबलमादास्येबलेनमहतावृतः ।ज्योतिषामिवसर्वेषांप्रभामुद्यन्दिवाकरः ।।।।

Transliteration

tac cāsya balam ādāsye balena mahatāvṛtaḥ |

jyotiṣām iva sarveṣāṃ prabhām udyan divākaraḥ ||

Translation

میں اپنی عظیم فوج کے گھیرے میں، اپنی قوت سے اُس کی قوت چھین کر دبا دوں گا—جیسے اُبھرتا ہوا سورج سب ستاروں کی روشنی کو ماند کر دیتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• asya: of him
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• balam: strength
• balam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• ādāsye: I will take away
• ādāsye: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु) + ā (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लृट् (simple future), आत्मनेपद, उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन; 'I will take away/appropriate'

• balena: with strength/force
• balena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• mahatā: great
• mahatā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (of bala)

• vṛtaḥ: surrounded
• vṛtaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛ (धातु) + kta
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; 'surrounded'

• jyotiṣām: of lights (luminaries)
• jyotiṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jyotis (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• iva: like
• iva: Upamāna-marker (उपमान-सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय

• sarveṣām: of all
• sarveṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• prabhām: radiance
• prabhām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prabhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• udyan: rising
• udyan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ud (धातु) + śatṛ (present participle)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त; 'rising'

• divākaraḥ: the sun
• divākaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: divākara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: दिवा+करः (maker of day)

Context

"Just as the rising Sun light obscures the radiance of all (other stars) when will I obscure him surrounded by his army?"

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Rāma (implied by asya/his in context)
• divākara (sun)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse illustrates how ego can invert truth (satya): Rāvaṇa imagines dominance as inevitable, but dharma teaches that power without righteousness is unstable and self-deceiving.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa boasts that with his army he will overwhelm Rāma, using a cosmic simile of the sun eclipsing the stars.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Implied virtue: discernment and humility; Rāvaṇa instead displays overconfidence.