Shloka 1

रावणस्य सभाप्रवेशः

Ravana Enters the Royal Assembly and Summons Counsel

Devanagari script

सबभूवकृशोराजामैथिलीकाममोहितः ।असन्मानाच्चसुहृदांपापंपापेनकर्मणा ।।।।

Transliteration

sa babhūva kṛśo rājā maithilī-kāma-mohitaḥ | asanmānāc ca suhṛdāṁ pāpaṁ pāpena karmaṇā ||6.11.1||

Translation

وہ راجا میتھلی کے کام میں موہت ہو کر دُبلا پڑ گیا؛ اپنے پاپ کرم کے سبب وہ خود بھی پاپی ٹھہرا، اور دوستوں کی نگاہ میں بھی بےوقعت ہو گیا۔

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• बभूव: became
• बभूव: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• कृशः: emaciated/weak
• कृशः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) to राजा

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• मैथिली-काम-मोहितः: deluded by desire for Maithili
• मैथिली-काम-मोहितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मैथिली (प्रातिपदिक) + काम (प्रातिपदिक) + मोहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Determinative: 'deluded by desire for Maithilī'); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) to राजा; मोहित = मुह् (धातु) से क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle)

• असन्मानात्: from disrespect/through dishonor
• असन्मानात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असन्मान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative, 5th), एकवचन (Singular); हेतौ/कारणे (cause)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction: 'and')

• सुहृदाम्: of friends/well-wishers
• सुहृदाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुहृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive, 6th), बहुवचन (Plural)

• पापम्: sinful/wicked
• पापम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); विधेय-विशेषण (predicative adjective) to सः/राजा

• पापेन: by sinful
• पापेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (Neuter/Masculine usage), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) to कर्मणा

• कर्मणा: by action/deed
• कर्मणा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

Context

Infatuated with passion towards Mythili, disregarded by his dear ones on account of sinful actions, sinner Ravana became weak.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā (Maithilī)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse teaches that unchecked kāma (desire) leads to adharma: moral failure erodes inner strength and social trust, isolating a person even from true well-wishers.

What is the narrative situation?

A narrative description of Rāvaṇa’s deteriorating condition and reputation due to his obsession with Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By contrast (through negation), the virtue emphasized is self-control; the verse shows the consequences when it is absent.