Shloka 15

भरतस्य धर्मप्रतिज्ञा तथा रामनिवर्तनयात्रा

Bharata’s Vow of Dharma and the Expedition to Recall Rama

Devanagari script

यद्धि मात्रा कृतं पापं नाहं तदपि रोचये।इहस्थो वनदुर्गस्थं नमस्यामि कृताञ्जलिः।।।।

Transliteration

yad dhi mātrā kṛtaṃ pāpaṃ nāhaṃ tad api rocaye |

ihastho vanadurgasthaṃ namasyāmi kṛtāñjaliḥ ||

Translation

جو پاپ ماں نے کیا، میں اسے بھی پسند نہیں کرتا۔ میں یہیں رہ کر، جنگل کے دُرگ میں بسنے والے اپنے بھائی کو ہاتھ جوڑ کر نمسکار کرتا ہوں۔

Word by Word

• yat: which (act/thing)
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd—प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun

• hi: indeed/for
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphatic/causal sense

• mātrā: by (my) mother
• mātrā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd—तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• kṛtam: done/committed
• kṛtam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त); Napumsaka, Nominative/Accusative Singular; agrees with pāpam

• pāpam: sin/evil deed
• pāpam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd—द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-निपात)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Accusative (2nd—द्वितीया), Singular; demonstrative pronoun

• api: even/also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), concessive/additive

• rocaye: I approve/accept
• rocaye: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ruc (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद); causative/denominative sense in usage: 'approve/accept'

• iha-sthaḥ: standing here/being here
• iha-sthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: iha (अव्यय) + stha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) locative-determinative; Puṃliṅga, Nominative (1st), Singular; qualifying speaker

• vana-durga-stham: one staying in the forest-fortress (impenetrable forest)
• vana-durga-stham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक) + durga (प्रातिपदिक) + stha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) multi-member; Napuṃsaka, Accusative (2nd), Singular; object of namasyāmi

• namasyāmi: I bow to / pay obeisance
• namasyāmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nam (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 1st person, Singular; Parasmaipada

• kṛta-añjaliḥ: with folded hands
• kṛta-añjaliḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛ (धातु) + kta (क्त) + añjali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) 'kṛtāñjali' (one whose añjali is made); Puṃliṅga, Nominative (1st), Singular; predicate/qualifier of speaker

Context

I will never accept the evil deed committed by my mother. From here itself I shall payobeisance with folded palms to my brother who dwells in the impenetrable forest.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Kaikeyī (implied as 'mother')
• Rāma
• forest (vana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma can require rejecting even a parent’s wrongdoing: Bharata separates loyalty to truth from blind familial approval and reaffirms rightful reverence to Rāma.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata publicly disowns Kaikeyī’s role in the exile and expresses devotion and submission to Rāma, even from afar.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral clarity and devotion: Bharata honours righteousness above personal and maternal attachment.