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Shloka 16

भरतस्य कैकेय्याः प्रति धिक्कारः

Bharata’s Rebuke of Kaikeyi and Affirmation of Ikshvaku Royal Dharma

सोऽहं कथमिमं भारं महाधुर्यसमुद्धृतम्।दम्योधुरमिवाऽऽसाद्य वहेयं केनचौजसा।। ।।

so 'haṃ katham imaṃ bhāraṃ mahā-dhurya-samuddhṛtam | damyaḥ dhuram ivā 'sādya vaheyaṃ kena caujasā || 2.73.16 ||

میں یہ بوجھ کیسے اٹھاؤں، جو توانا اور خوب جتے ہوئے مہابیل کے لائق ہے؟ میں تو گویا ناتربیت یافتہ کم عمر بیل ہوں جس پر بھاری جُوا آ پڑا ہو؛ کس زور سے اسے سنبھال سکوں؟

saḥthat (one); such
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; in apposition with aham = 'I, such as I am'
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (अस्मद्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPrathamā, Ekavacana
kathamhow
katham:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative adverb
imamthis
imam:
Karma (कर्म; determiner)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (इदम्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga? here agrees with bhāram (m.) so Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
bhāramburden
bhāram:
Karma (कर्म/Object of vaheyaṃ)
TypeNoun
Rootbhāra (भार, प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
mahā-dhurya-samuddhṛtamborne/raised by a great yoke-worthy (bull)
mahā-dhurya-samuddhṛtam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā (महा) + dhurya (धुर्य) + sam-ud-√dhṛ (समुद्-धृ, धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormCompound used adjectivally; mahādhurya = karmadhāraya 'great (bull) fit for yoke'; samuddhṛta = kta-ppp 'lifted/carried'; Napuṃsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana agreeing with bhāram
damyaḥa young untrained (bull)
damyaḥ:
Upamāna (उपमान; compared agent)
TypeAdjective
Rootdamya (दम्य, प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; 'to be tamed/young (needing training)'
dhuramthe yoke/burden
dhuram:
Karma (कर्म; in simile)
TypeNoun
Rootdhurā/dhura (धुर्/धुरा, प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.) or Puṃliṅga usage; here Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; 'yoke/burden'
ivalike
iva:
Upamā-dyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormUpamā-avyaya (comparative particle)
āsādyahaving undertaken; having taken up
āsādya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√sad (आ-सद्, धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय: ल्यप्), 'having approached/undertaken'
vaheyaṃcould I carry
vaheyaṃ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vah (वह्, धातु)
FormVidhiliṅ-lakāra (optative), Parasmaipada, Uttama-puruṣa, Ekavacana
kenaby what
kena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (किम्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormTṛtīyā, Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)
ojasāwith strength
ojasā:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootojas (ओजस्, प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga (n.), Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

Like a young untrained bullock that cannot carry the weight fit for a great bull, with what strength can I bear this burden?

B
Bharata

FAQs

Dharma requires fitness for responsibility; accepting rulership without rightful capacity and legitimacy is portrayed as improper and dangerous.

Bharata expresses his unworthiness to shoulder the kingdom’s burden in Rāma’s absence, using a vivid agrarian metaphor.

Self-knowledge and humility—Bharata refuses inflated self-assessment and recognizes the true standard of leadership.