Valmiki Ramayana 2.106.5: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 106, Shloka 5

भरतवाक्यं—रामस्य पुनरायोध्यागमननिषेधः

Bharata’s Plea and Rama’s Refusal to Return

Devanagari script

परावरज्ञो यश्च स्याद् यथा त्वं मनुजाधिप।स एव व्यसनं प्राप्य न विषीदितुमर्हति।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.106.5

Transliteration

parāvarajño yaś ca syād yathā tvaṃ manujādhipa | sa eva vyasanaṃ prāpya na viṣīditum arhati ||

Translation

اے انسانوں کے سردار! جو برتر و فروتر کو جانتا ہو، اور جیسے تم ماضی و مستقبل کو دیکھتے ہو ویسے ہی دیکھتا ہو، وہ آفت و مصیبت آ پڑنے پر بھی غمگین ہونے کے لائق نہیں۔

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Word by Word

• parāvarajñaḥ: knower of past and future / of higher and lower
• parāvarajñaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parāvara-jña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular); tatpuruṣa: parāvara (पर-अवर = higher & lower / past & future) + jña (ज्ञ = knower)

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana; relative pronoun (यत्-शब्द)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (conjunction/particle)

• syāt: would be / should be
• syāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (Optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• yathā: as / like
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā/Prakāra-avyaya (comparative/manner adverb)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (by usage), Prathamā (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana; 2nd person pronoun

• manujādhipaḥ: O lord of men
• manujādhipaḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manuja-adhipa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana; sambodhana-arthī (vocative sense though form = nom.); tatpuruṣa: manuja (men) + adhipa (lord)

• saḥ: he / that person
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana; demonstrative pronoun

• eva: indeed / just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avadhāraṇa-nipāta (emphatic particle)

• vyasanam: distress / calamity
• vyasanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyasana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुṃsaka-liṅga (Neuter), Dvitīyā (Accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana

• prāpya: having obtained
• prāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-āp (धातु)
• Form: Ktvānta (absolutive/gerund, ल्यप्), ‘having obtained/reached’

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha-nipāta (negation particle)

• viṣīditum: to lament / to sink into dejection
• viṣīditum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-ṣad (धातु)
• Form: Tumun-anta (infinitive, तुमुन्)

• arhati: is proper / deserves
• arhati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: arh (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (Present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

Context

O lord of men, it is not proper for a person like you who knows the past and the future of human beings to feel distressed and lament over it.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is steadiness of mind: a wise and farsighted person should not collapse into despair when adversity arises.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata pleads with Rāma during their meeting, trying to console him and discourage grief amid the crisis caused by exile and the kingdom’s turmoil.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s expected virtue of composure grounded in wisdom—seeing beyond immediate suffering to the larger moral order.