Valmiki Ramayana 2.106.4: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 106, Shloka 4

भरतवाक्यं—रामस्य पुनरायोध्यागमननिषेधः

Bharata’s Plea and Rama’s Refusal to Return

Devanagari script

यथा मृत स्तथा जीवन्यथाऽसति तथा सति।यस्यैष बुद्धिलाभ स्स्यात्परितप्येत केन सः।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.106.4

Transliteration

yathā mṛtaḥ tathā jīvan yathā ’sati tathā sati | yasyaiṣa buddhi-lābhaḥ syāt paritapyeta kena saḥ ||

Translation

جس نے ایسی بصیرت پا لی ہو، اس کے نزدیک جینا اور مرنا برابر ہیں؛ اسی طرح نیکی اور بدی بھی یکساں نظر آتی ہیں۔ پھر وہ کس چیز سے رنج و الم میں مبتلا ہو سکتا ہے؟

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Word by Word

• यथा: as
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानार्थक अव्यय

• मृतः: dead (person)
• मृतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mṛ (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘dead’

• तथा: so
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (so/in the same way)

• जीवन्: living (person)
• जीवन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jīv (धातु) + śatṛ (कृत्)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘living’

• यथा: as
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानार्थक अव्यय

• असति: in the case of the wicked
• असति: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; अधिकरण (in the case of the bad/evil)

• तथा: so
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय

• सति: in the case of the virtuous
• सति: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; अधिकरण (in the case of the good/virtuous)

• यस्य: for whom; whose
• यस्य: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• एषः: this
• एषः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• बुद्धि-लाभः: gain of understanding
• बुद्धि-लाभः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: buddhi (प्रातिपदिक) + lābha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (बुद्धेः लाभः)

• स्यात्: would be; might occur
• स्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• परितप्येत: would be distressed
• परितप्येत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-tap (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद (passive/medio sense)

• केन: by what; why
• केन: Karana (करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया, एकवचन (by what/for what reason)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

One should accept life and death, vice and virtue equally. How can one be afflicted when he has gained such an intellect?

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rama

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is sustained by wisdom and even-mindedness: when one’s intellect is mature, one is not destabilized by changing conditions and can act rightly without being driven by attachment or aversion.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata highlights Rama’s philosophical steadiness to show why Rama is uniquely fit to bear hardship and to lead according to dharma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s equanimity (samatā) and the ‘buddhi’ that prevents agitation.