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Shloka 40

Procedure of Ācamana and Rules of Ritual Purity (Śauca)

न ससत्वेषु गर्तेषु न गच्छन्न समाचरेत् । तुषांगारकपालेषु राजमार्गे तथैव च

na sasatveṣu garteṣu na gacchanna samācaret | tuṣāṃgārakapāleṣu rājamārge tathaiva ca

جانداروں والے گڑھوں کے قریب چلتے ہوئے بے احتیاطی نہ کرے؛ اسی طرح بھوسے کے ڈھیروں پر، دہکتے انگاروں کے بستر پر، مٹی کے ٹوٹے برتنوں کے ٹکڑوں پر، اور شاہراہِ سلطانی پر بھی ایسا نہ کرے۔

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
sa-sattveṣuin (places) with creatures
sa-sattveṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (उपसर्ग/सह) + sattva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीह्यर्थे अव्ययीभाव-समासवत् प्रयोगः; सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुल्लिङ्ग-प्रयोग (context: 'with living beings'); अधिकरणे
garteṣuin pits
garteṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootgarta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), बहुवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
gacchangoing/walking
gacchan:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (गम् धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), प्रथमा-एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग (used adverbially: 'while going/walking')
samācaretshould act/behave
samācaret:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-car (सम्-आ-चर् धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 'should practice/behave'
tuṣa-aṅgāra-kapāleṣuon chaff/embers/potsherds
tuṣa-aṅgāra-kapāleṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Roottuṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅgāra (प्रातिपदिक) + kapāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (tuṣa + aṅgāra + kapāla) 'chaff, embers, potsherds' as a set
rāja-mārgeon the main road
rāja-mārge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक) + mārga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ('king’s road' = main road)
tathāthus/likewise
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: 'thus/so')
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

Unspecified (didactic injunction within the Svarga-khaṇḍa narrative context)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Sandhi Resolution Notes: gacchanna → gacchan (शतृ-कृदन्त) + (sandhi with following). tuṣāṃgārakapāleṣu = tuṣa-aṅgāra-kapāleṣu. tathaiva = tathā + eva.

FAQs

It teaches mindful conduct: avoid places where you may injure living beings and avoid hazardous or improper places that can cause harm or social disorder.

It reflects the principle of ahiṃsā—carefully avoiding accidental harm to creatures that may live in holes or pits.

It implies respecting public order and safety: behaving carelessly on major roads can endanger others and violate accepted standards of civic conduct.