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Shloka 3

The Glory of the Devoted Wife (Pativratā) and the Māṇḍavya Curse: Sunrise Halted and Restored

कृतं पृच्छति येनैव वक्तव्यं तत्प्रियेण हि । अतीतं चैव जानाति कथं नाथ पतिव्रता

kṛtaṃ pṛcchati yenaiva vaktavyaṃ tatpriyeṇa hi | atītaṃ caiva jānāti kathaṃ nātha pativratā

وہ اسی کیے ہوئے کام کے بارے میں پوچھتا ہے؛ اور جو بات کہنے کے لائق ہے وہی ہے جو اسے محبوب ہو۔ وہ تو گزرا ہوا بھی جانتا ہے—اے ناتھ! پھر پتی ورتا، وفادار بیوی کیسے اس کے خلاف چل سکتی ہے؟

कृतम्what has been done
कृतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकृ (धातु) + त (कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; ‘done (thing)’ अर्थे कर्मपद
पृच्छतिasks
पृच्छति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्/पृच्छ् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
येनby whom / by which
येन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
एवindeed
एव:
Nipata (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण-निपात
वक्तव्यम्to be said / should be spoken
वक्तव्यम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootवच् (धातु) + तव्य (कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive: ‘to be said’)
तत्that
तत्:
Visheshana (Adjectival qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम; ‘प्रियेण’ इत्यस्य विशेषण-सम्बन्धः (तत्-प्रियेण = by that dear one)
प्रियेणby the dear one
प्रियेण:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; ‘प्रिय’ = प्रियजन (dear person)
हिindeed, for
हि:
Nipata (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थक-निपात
अतीतम्the past
अतीतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअतीत (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-निष्पन्न)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘past (thing)’ अर्थे
and
:
Samuccaya (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात
एवindeed
एव:
Nipata (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण-निपात
जानातिknows
जानाति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
कथम्how
कथम्:
Kriya-visheshana (Interrogative modifier/प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नार्थक-क्रियाविशेषण (interrogative adverb)
नाथO lord
नाथ:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootनाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/8th), एकवचन
पतिव्रताa devoted wife
पतिव्रता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक) + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक) + आ (स्त्री-प्रत्यय)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—पतेः व्रतम् यस्याः सा (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/उपपद-समासप्रायः)

Unclear from single-verse context (likely a female speaker addressing her lord, e.g., Pārvatī addressing Mahādeva, or a devoted wife addressing her husband).

Concept: Pativratā-dharma: a devoted wife aligns speech and action with what is beneficial and dear to her husband, who is portrayed as knowing past deeds—implying transparency and truthfulness in relationship.

Application: Cultivate truthful, timely speech; let affection be expressed through what genuinely benefits the other, not through ego-driven display.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: shringara

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A devoted wife stands with folded hands before her lord, her face calm and resolute, as if her fidelity itself is a vow. The scene emphasizes gentle speech—her lips poised to answer only what is dear and beneficial—while the household space feels like a sanctum.","primary_figures":["pativratā wife","husband/lord figure"],"setting":"simple home shrine corner with lamp, water pot, and a clean threshold; subtle sacred domesticity","lighting_mood":"temple lamp-lit","color_palette":["warm lamp gold","madder red","ivory white","deep teal","smoke gray"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a pativratā in rich silk stands near a household shrine lamp, addressing her lord seated with dignified posture; gold leaf highlights on jewelry and lamp flame, ornate borders, saturated reds/greens, devotional domestic iconography rendered with South Indian precision.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: quiet interior with latticed window light, delicate facial expressions showing restraint and devotion; soft textiles, muted reds and cool blues, a small shrine niche with a diya; refined linework and lyrical intimacy.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines and stylized eyes; the wife in red-yellow-green garments, hands in añjali, the lord figure calm and knowing; flat temple-wall composition with a prominent lamp motif and floral fillers.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: domestic fidelity portrayed as worship—central figures framed by lotus and creeper borders; peacocks and floral motifs; deep blue ground with gold accents, emphasizing sanctity of speech and devotion."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"serene","sound_elements":["lamp crackle","soft anklet chime","distant conch","silence"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: येनैव→येन एव; तत्प्रियेण→तत् प्रियेण; चैव→च एव।

FAQs

It suggests restraint and discretion: one should speak what is appropriate and pleasing in context, especially in a relationship grounded in duty and trust.

A pativratā is presented as unwaveringly aligned with her lord’s will and welfare, acting in faithful conformity to dharma and relational devotion.

Not directly; it reads more like a moral-dialogue line about fidelity, knowledge of the past, and proper speech, within a broader narrative in the chapter.