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Shloka 58

The Episode of Cyavana

Cyavana’s Hermitage and the Power of Tapas

पारंपर्येण तज्ज्ञात्वा स्वपुत्र्याः परिचेष्टितम् । ययौ सुदुःखितस्तत्र समृद्धबलवाहनः

pāraṃparyeṇa tajjñātvā svaputryāḥ pariceṣṭitam | yayau suduḥkhitastatra samṛddhabalavāhanaḥ

معتبر روایت سے اپنی بیٹی کے برتاؤ کو جان کر وہ نہایت رنجیدہ ہوا؛ مگر کثیر قوت اور سواریوں کی فراوانی کے ساتھ وہاں روانہ ہوا۔

pāraṃparyeṇaby tradition; through hearsay
pāraṃparyeṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpāraṃparya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; ‘by tradition/through succession (of report)’
tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; object of knowing
jñātvāhaving learned
jñātvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√jñā (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), having known
sva-putryāḥof his own daughter
sva-putryāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (स्व, प्रातिपदिक) + putrī (पुत्री, प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी) ‘of one’s own daughter’; Feminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
pariceṣṭitamthe conduct; the deed
pariceṣṭitam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpari-√ceṣṭ (धातु) + kta
FormPast passive participle used substantively; Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; ‘the act/behavior done’
yayauwent
yayau:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√yā (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular; ‘went’
su-duḥkhitaḥvery sorrowful
su-duḥkhitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (सु, उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + duḥkhita (दुःखित, प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya/Upapada-like intensifying compound; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with (nṛpaḥ implied)
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
FormAdverb of place (देशवाचक अव्यय)
samṛddha-bala-vāhanaḥwhose forces and conveyances were abundant
samṛddha-bala-vāhanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsamṛddha (समृद्ध, प्रातिपदिक) + bala (बल, प्रातिपदिक) + vāhana (वाहन, प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (बहुव्रीहि-प्राय not intended; determinative) ‘having prosperous strength and vehicles/army’; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; epithet of the king

Narrator (contextual; specific dialogue pair not determinable from the single verse alone)

Concept: Even power and resources cannot shield one from the sorrow born of adharma within the family; truth learned through trustworthy testimony demands responsible action.

Application: When credible information reveals harm or wrongdoing, respond with sober investigation and corrective steps rather than relying on status, wealth, or force.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A powerful king, surrounded by chariots and attendants, rides out from a fortified palace after receiving grave news about his daughter. His face is shadowed with grief; banners droop as if the very air carries ill-omens, while the road ahead narrows into a forested path leading toward a hermitage.","primary_figures":["distressed king","messenger/court informant","attendants with chariots and horses"],"setting":"palace gate opening onto a long road toward a distant sage’s āśrama; transitional landscape with ominous birds and wind-tossed trees","lighting_mood":"storm-brewing twilight","color_palette":["iron gray","deep maroon","dusty ochre","indigo","muted gold"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a royal figure departing a palace archway with ornate pillars, gold-leaf highlights on crown, jewelry, and chariot fittings; rich reds and greens in textiles; the king’s sorrowful eyes emphasized; subtle gold embossing for banners and palace motifs, traditional South Indian iconographic detailing.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: a slender, expressive king on horseback with attendants, winding path toward a small forest hermitage in the distance; cool blues and soft browns; delicate facial features conveying grief; stylized trees and birds as omens; lyrical negative space in the sky.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold black outlines, flat yet vibrant pigments; the king’s large expressive eyes and regal ornaments; palace gateway with temple-like geometry; swirling wind lines and ominous birds; dominant reds, yellows, greens with controlled dark shading for distress.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: narrative panel with ornate borders; palace and procession rendered with intricate floral motifs; peacocks and lotuses used symbolically (lotus motifs subdued, hinting at disturbed harmony); deep blue background with gold detailing; devotional aesthetic even in a moral-drama scene."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["distant drum","wind through trees","hoofbeats","low temple bell","ominous bird calls"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: tajjñātvā = tat + jñātvā; svaputryāḥ = sva + putryāḥ; suduḥkhitaḥ = su + duḥkhitaḥ; samṛddhabalavāhanaḥ = samṛddha + bala + vāhanaḥ.

FAQs

It indicates knowledge obtained indirectly—through report, hearsay, or an established chain of communication—rather than by direct personal witnessing.

The verse emphasizes profound sorrow (suduḥkhitaḥ) despite outward capability and resources (samṛddha-bala-vāhanaḥ), highlighting inner distress over family matters.

It suggests the seriousness with which one responds to the perceived conduct of close family members—prompting immediate action—while also portraying the burden of responsibility and grief that can accompany such situations.