Shloka 71

The Greatness of Hari’s Janmāṣṭamī (Jayantī) Vow

Devanagari script

चांडालैः पतितैः सार्द्धमालापं सर्वदाकरोत् । एतदेवं विधो राजा मृगयायां मनो दधे

Transliteration

cāṃḍālaiḥ patitaiḥ sārddhamālāpaṃ sarvadākarot | etadevaṃ vidho rājā mṛgayāyāṃ mano dadhe

Translation

وہ چنڈالوں اور گرے ہوئے لوگوں کے ساتھ ہمیشہ گفتگو کرتا رہتا۔ ایسے ہی کردار والا وہ بادشاہ شکار کی طرف متوجہ ہوا۔

Word by Word

• चाण्डालैः: with outcastes
• चाण्डालैः: सहकारक/सह (Association; with whom)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चाण्डाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; Instrumental plural

• पतितैः: with the fallen
• पतितैः: सहकारक (Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पतित (पत् धातु, क्त-कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; ‘fallen ones’ (as noun)

• सार्धम्: together with
• सार्धम्: सह (Comitative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक (with/together)

• आलापम्: conversation
• आलापम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आलाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• सर्वदा: always
• सर्वदा: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (always)

• अकरोत्: did/made
• अकरोत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• एतत्: thus
• एतत्: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग (etad used adverbially with एवम्); ‘thus/like this’

• एवम्: in this manner
• एवम्: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक

• विधः: such
• विधः: विशेषण (Qualifier of rājā)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘of such a kind’

• राजा: the king
• राजा: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मृगयायाम्: in hunting
• मृगयायाम्: अधिकरण (Locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृगया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; Locative singular

• मनः: mind
• मनः: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• दधे: placed/set (his mind)
• दधे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Speaker

Narrator (unspecified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सार्द्धमालापम् = सार्धम् + आलापम्; सर्वदाकरोत् = सर्वदा + अकरोत्; एतदेवं = एतत् + एवम्.

FAQs

What behavior of the king is criticized or highlighted in this verse?

The verse highlights the king’s habitual association and conversation with outcastes and morally fallen persons, followed by his inclination toward hunting—suggesting questionable judgment and a decline from ideal royal conduct.

What does “mṛgayā” imply in Purāṇic ethical contexts?

Mṛgayā literally means hunting; in many Purāṇic contexts it can signify royal pastime but also serves as a narrative marker for distraction, aggression, or moral lapse when pursued excessively or irresponsibly.

What is the general ethical lesson conveyed here?

A ruler’s constant company and habits shape his mind and decisions; associating with degrading influences and indulging in harmful pursuits can indicate or accelerate ethical deterioration.