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Shloka 11

Yama-vilāpana

The Lamentation Concerning Yama

यो न तापयते शत्रून् ज्येष्ठे मासि यथा रविः । वृथाशूला हि जननी जाता देव कुपुत्रिणी ॥ ११ ॥

yo na tāpayate śatrūn jyeṣṭhe māsi yathā raviḥ | vṛthāśūlā hi jananī jātā deva kuputriṇī || 11 ||

اے دیو! جو جَیَیشٹھ کے مہینے کے سورج کی طرح دشمنوں کو نہ جھلسائے، اُس کی ماں کی زچگی کی تکلیف رائیگاں گئی؛ وہ کُپُتر کی ماں کہلاتی ہے۔

यःhe who
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-निर्देशकः (relative pronoun)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
तापयतेhe heats/torments
तापयते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootतप् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोगः (causative)
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
ज्येष्ठेin (the month of) Jyeṣṭha
ज्येष्ठे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; मास-विशेषणार्थे (as month-name)
मासिin the month
मासि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
यथाas
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/comparison marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (comparative particle: 'as/like')
रविःthe sun
रविः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootरवि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
वृथा-शूलाhaving pain in vain
वृथा-शूला:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृथा (अव्यय) + शूल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः (वृथा एव शूला)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic/causal particle)
जननीthe mother
जननी:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजननी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
जाताhas become
जाता:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative participle)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'भू' इत्यर्थे (become)
देवO lord
देव:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
कु-पुत्रिणीa mother of a bad son
कु-पुत्रिणी:
Visheshya (विशेष्य/Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootकु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + पुत्रिणी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (कु- उपपदपूर्वकः: 'bad/evil' + 'having a son')

Narada (in instruction/admonition style within Uttara-Bhaga discourse)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: raudra

R
Ravi (Surya)

FAQs

It praises uncompromising strength in dharma: one should burn away opposition—outer injustice and inner vices—with the intensity symbolized by the Jyeṣṭha sun.

Bhakti is protected by firmness; the ‘enemies’ can be read as kāma, krodha, lobha, and other obstacles that must be decisively subdued so devotion remains steady.

It uses calendrical knowledge (māsa—Jyeṣṭha) as a teaching device, reflecting Jyotiṣa-style month symbolism to convey intensity and discipline in conduct.