Shloka 16

Pūjādi-kathana — Gaṅgā Vratas, Tenfold Worship, Stotra, and Mokṣa on the Riverbank

Devanagari script

सोपवासश्चतुर्द्दश्यां भवेदुभयपक्षयोः । पौर्णमास्यां तु गंधैश्च गंगायाः सलिलैस्तथा ॥ १६ ॥

Transliteration

sopavāsaścaturddaśyāṃ bhavedubhayapakṣayoḥ | paurṇamāsyāṃ tu gaṃdhaiśca gaṃgāyāḥ salilaistathā || 16 ||

Translation

شُکل اور کرشن—دونوں پکشوں کی چتُردشی کو روزہ (اُپواس) رکھے، اور پُورنماشی کے دن خوشبو دار اشیا اور گنگا جل سے پوجا کرے۔

Word by Word

• स-उपवासः: with fasting / fasting-observant
• स-उपवासः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + उपवास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास: उपवासेन सह/उपवासयुक्तः; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate/qualifier

• चतुर्दश्याम्: on the fourteenth (tithi)
• चतुर्दश्याम्: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Time-locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्दशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; 'on the fourteenth lunar day'

• भवेत्: should be / should occur
• भवेत्: क्रिया (Kriyā/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदी; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• उभय-पक्षयोः: of both fortnights
• उभय-पक्षयोः: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उभय (प्रातिपदिक) + पक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: उभौ पक्षौ; पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी/सप्तमी-द्विवचनरूप (पक्षयोः = gen./loc. dual); here genitive: 'of both fortnights' (śukla & kṛṣṇa)

• पौर्णमास्याम्: on the full-moon day
• पौर्णमास्याम्: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Time-locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौर्णमासी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; 'on the full-moon day'

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थक: 'but/indeed'

• गन्धैः: with fragrances
• गन्धैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; instrumental: 'with fragrances'

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• गङ्गायाः: of the Gaṅgā
• गङ्गायाः: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• सलिलैः: with waters
• सलिलैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सलिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; instrumental: 'with waters'

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): 'thus/also/in the same way'

Speaker

Narada (teaching in a vrata/tirtha context within Uttara-Bhaga)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Caturdaśī-vrata / Paurṇamāsī-pūjā (observance pattern)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Ganga

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It prescribes a disciplined monthly observance: fasting on Caturdaśī in both fortnights and honoring the sacredness of Gaṅgā on Paurṇamāsī through offerings and her waters—acts understood to generate puṇya and ritual purity in a tirtha framework.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By directing the devotee to regular, calendar-based worship (upavāsa and pūjā with gandha and Gaṅgā-jala), it frames bhakti as steady practice—expressing reverence through bodily restraint (fasting) and sacred offerings.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It relies on Jyotiṣa/kalā (lunar calendrical reckoning): identifying Caturdaśī in both pakṣas and Paurṇamāsī, which is essential for correct vrata timing and ritual observance.