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Shloka 43

Rukmāṅgada–Vāmadeva Saṃvāda: Ahimsa, Hunting, and the Fruit of Dvādaśī-Bhakti

उवाचावनतो भूत्वा प्रकृत्या विनयान्वितः । क्षामये त्वा द्विजश्रेष्ठ नाहमेतादृशो विभो ॥ ४३ ॥

uvācāvanato bhūtvā prakṛtyā vinayānvitaḥ | kṣāmaye tvā dvijaśreṣṭha nāhametādṛśo vibho || 43 ||

وہ جھک کر سجدۂ تعظیم بجا لایا اور فطری انکساری کے ساتھ بولا: اے برہمنوں کے سردار! مجھے معاف کیجیے۔ اے صاحبِ قدرت! میں ویسا شخص نہیں ہوں۔

उवाचsaid
उवाच:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अवनतःbowed down, humble
अवनतः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (Predicate/attribute of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootअवनत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (describing the speaker)
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial to main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वकाल (having become)
प्रकृत्याby nature
प्रकृत्या:
करण (Instrument/Means)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन
विनय-अन्वितःendowed with humility
विनय-अन्वितः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (Attribute of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootविनय (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्वित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तृतीया-तत्पुरुषार्थ (विनयेन अन्वितः = endowed with humility)
क्षामयेI ask forgiveness / I pardon (you)
क्षामये:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootक्षम् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; causative sense not intended here (I beg pardon)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन
द्विजश्रेष्ठO best of Brahmins
द्विजश्रेष्ठ:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज + श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (among twice-born + best)
not
:
निषेध (Negator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन
एतादृशःsuch (as this)
एतादृशः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootएतादृश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण
विभोO mighty one / O lord
विभो:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootविभु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Unspecified (a humbled petitioner addressing a brāhmaṇa)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

FAQs

It highlights vinaya (humility) and kṣamā (seeking/granting forgiveness) as core dharmic virtues that purify relationships and reduce ego—qualities repeatedly treated as necessary for spiritual progress.

Bhakti is sustained by humility: bowing, speaking gently, and asking pardon remove pride and offense (aparādha), creating the inner disposition suitable for sincere worship and remembrance.

No specific Vedāṅga technique is taught; the practical takeaway is sadācāra—proper speech and respectful address (e.g., “dvijaśreṣṭha”)—supporting dharma in ritual and daily conduct.