Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 51

The Recitation of the Thousand Names of Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa (Yugala-Sahasranāma) and Śaraṇāgati-Dharma

Devanagari script

सुबद्धोलूखले नम्रशिरा गोपीकदर्थितः । वृक्षभंगी शोकभंगी धनदात्मजमोक्षणः ॥ ५१ ॥

Transliteration

subaddholūkhale namraśirā gopīkadarthitaḥ | vṛkṣabhaṃgī śokabhaṃgī dhanadātmajamokṣaṇaḥ || 51 ||

Translation

اُلوکھل سے مضبوطی سے بندھا ہوا، فروتنی سے سر جھکائے، گوپیوں کی سرزنش سہنے والا—درختوں کو گرانے والا، غم کو توڑنے والا، اور دھنَد (کُبیر) کے بیٹوں کو رہائی دینے والا۔

Word by Word

• सु-बद्धः: well bound
• सु-बद्धः: विशेषण (कर्ता-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (अव्यय) + बद्ध (कृदन्त; √बन्ध् धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कृदन्तः—क्त; ‘सु’ उपसर्ग/अव्यय-पूर्वपद (well)

• उलूखले: in/at the mortar
• उलूखले: अधिकरण (सप्तमी/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उलूखल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण (locative)

• नम्र-शिराः: with head bowed
• नम्र-शिराः: विशेषण (कर्ता-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नम्र (प्रातिपदिक) + शिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (नम्रं शिरो यस्य = having bowed head)

• गोपी-कदर्थितः: rebuked by the gopīs
• गोपी-कदर्थितः: विशेषण (कर्ता-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोपी (प्रातिपदिक) + कदर्थित (कृदन्त; √अर्थ्/कदर्थय् धातु-प्रयोगः)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गोपीभिः कदर्थितः = reproached/harassed by the gopīs); कृदन्तः—क्त

• वृक्ष-भंगी: breaker of the trees
• वृक्ष-भंगी: विशेषण (कर्ता-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + भङ्गिन्/भङ्गी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (वृक्षाणां भङ्गी/भङ्गकर्ता)

• शोक-भंगी: remover of sorrow
• शोक-भंगी: विशेषण (कर्ता-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक) + भङ्गिन्/भङ्गी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (शोकस्य भङ्गकर्ता = remover of sorrow)

• धनद-आत्मज-मोक्षणः: liberator of Kubera’s sons
• धनद-आत्मज-मोक्षणः: विशेषण (कर्ता-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धनद (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक) + मोक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (धनदस्य आत्मजयोः मोक्षणः = liberator of Kubera's sons)

Speaker

Narada (as part of the Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue tradition)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Krishna
• Gopis
• Kubera (Dhanada)
• Nalakuvara
• Manigriva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It presents a compact dhyāna-style set of epithets for Krishna (Damodara), showing that even His childlike pastimes—being bound, corrected, and acting within human-like limits—are divine means for destroying devotees’ sorrow and granting liberation.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By praising Krishna through specific līlā-nāmas (names rooted in pastimes), it promotes bhakti via nāma-smaraṇa and līlā-smaraṇa: loving remembrance of the Lord’s humility, accessibility, and grace that culminates in removing grief and giving moksha.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

The verse functions as a structured nāma-string useful for recitation (prayoga), illustrating the Vyākaraṇa-informed formation of compound epithets (samāsa) and their application in devotional chanting within Narada Purana-style worship.