Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 46

Gaṅgā-māhātmya: Bāhu’s Envy, Defeat, Forest Exile, and Aurva’s Dharmic Consolation

Devanagari script

समानीय च सैधांसि चितां कृत्वातिदुःखिता । समारोप्य तमारूढं स्वयं समुपचक्रमे ॥ ४६ ॥

Transliteration

samānīya ca saidhāṃsi citāṃ kṛtvātiduḥkhitā | samāropya tamārūḍhaṃ svayaṃ samupacakrame || 46 ||

Translation

پھر اس نے لکڑیاں جمع کر کے چتا بنائی؛ نہایت غمگین ہو کر اسے اس پر لٹایا اور خود بھی چتا پر چڑھ کر (چتا میں داخل ہونے کے) عمل کا آغاز کرنے لگی۔

Word by Word

• समानीय: having gathered
• समानीय: पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action; gerund)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + आ + नी (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-प्राय (ल्यप्/क्त्वा-समकक्ष) absolutive: ‘having brought/collected’ (sam-ānīya)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• सैधांसि: firewood; fuel
• सैधांसि: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); ‘fuel-sticks’ (with sa- augment in form)

• चिताम्: funeral pyre
• चिताम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चिता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• कृत्वा: having made
• कृत्वा: पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action; gerund)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), ‘having made’

• अतिदुःखिता: deeply sorrowful
• अतिदुःखिता: विशेषण (Adjectival predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + दुःखित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उपपद-तत्पुरुष/अव्ययीभाव-प्राय: ‘अतिशयेन दुःखिता’; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) — subject (bhāryā) implied

• समारोप्य: having placed
• समारोप्य: पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action; gerund)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + आ + रुह्/रोप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), ‘having placed/raised onto’

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• आरूढम्: mounted; placed upon (the pyre)
• आरूढम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ + रुह् (धातु) → आरूढ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन) — qualifying tam

• स्वयम्: herself
• स्वयम्: कर्ता-विशेषण (Emphatic to subject)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: स्वार्थे अव्यय (reflexive adverb)

• समुपचक्रमे: began; proceeded
• समुपचक्रमे: क्रिया (Verb; action of subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + उप + क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), आत्मनेपद, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Speaker

Narrator (Suta-like Purana narration; specific named speaker not explicit in this single verse)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It portrays the intensity of human attachment and grief around death, set within a dharma-ritual context (cita/antyeṣṭi), highlighting how worldly sorrow can drive extreme actions.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

This verse itself is narrative and ritual-focused rather than explicitly bhakti-focused; indirectly, it contrasts grief-driven action with the steadiness that Vishnu-bhakti and remembrance are said to cultivate in other Narada Purana teachings.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It reflects ritual procedure (kalpa-oriented practice) connected with antyeṣṭi and the construction of a funeral pyre (cita), though no technical Vedanga detail like vyākaraṇa or jyotiṣa is explicitly stated in this line.