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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 35

Gaṅgā-māhātmya: Bāhu’s Envy, Defeat, Forest Exile, and Aurva’s Dharmic Consolation

अहो कष्टमहो रूपं घोरमत्र समागतम् । विशन्तस्त्वरया वासमित्यूचुस्ते विहंगमाः ॥ ३५ ॥

aho kaṣṭamaho rūpaṃ ghoramatra samāgatam | viśantastvarayā vāsamityūcuste vihaṃgamāḥ || 35 ||

“ہائے افسوس! یہاں کیسا ہولناک روپ آ پہنچا ہے!” یہ کہہ کر وہ پرندے جلدی سے اپنے ٹھکانے میں گھس گئے۔

अहोalas! oh!
अहो:
सम्बोधन/उद्गार (Exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअहो (अव्यय)
Formविस्मयादिबोधक अव्यय (interjection)
कष्टम्misfortune; hardship
कष्टम्:
उद्गार-वाक्ये विधेय (Predicative)
TypeNoun
Rootकष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; भाववाचक
अहोalas!
अहो:
सम्बोधन/उद्गार (Exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअहो (अव्यय)
Formविस्मयादिबोधक अव्यय (interjection)
रूपम्form; appearance
रूपम्:
उद्गार-वाक्ये विधेय (Predicative)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
घोरम्terrible
घोरम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; रूपम् इति विशेषण
अत्रhere
अत्र:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place)
समागतम्has come; has arrived
समागतम्:
विधेय (Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√गम् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; ‘arrived/come’ (agreeing with रूपम्)
विशन्तःentering
विशन्तः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeVerb
Root√विश् (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; ‘entering’
त्वरयाwith haste
त्वरया:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument; manner)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वरा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण/हेतु-भाव
वासम्dwelling; shelter
वासम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootवास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
वाक्य-समाप्ति/उद्धरणचिह्न (Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक अव्यय (quotative particle)
ऊचुःsaid
ऊचुः:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
तेthey
ते:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
विहङ्गमाःbirds
विहङ्गमाः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject, apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootविहङ्गम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन

Narrator (Purana narrative voice, within the Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue frame)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

The verse uses a simple narrative image—birds reacting to a terrifying appearance—to signal the rise of fear and inauspiciousness, prompting withdrawal into shelter; in Purana-style teaching, such reactions often foreshadow a moral or dharmic lesson about seeking true refuge.

Though Vishnu is not named here, the motif of “hastening to an abode for protection” aligns with the bhakti principle of śaraṇāgati (taking refuge): when भय (fear) arises in saṃsāra, one should seek the highest shelter—Bhagavan—rather than mere external hiding.

No specific Vedanga (such as Vyākaraṇa, Jyotiṣa, or Kalpa ritual procedure) is directly taught in this verse; it functions primarily as narrative setup using clear, emotive diction to convey an omen-like moment.