Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 40

Śokanivāraṇa: Non-brooding, Impermanence, Contentment, and Śuka’s Renunciation

Devanagari script

न शोचंति गताध्वानः पश्यंति परमां गतिम् । संचिन्वन्नेकमेवैनं कामानावितृप्तकम् ॥ ४० ॥

Transliteration

na śocaṃti gatādhvānaḥ paśyaṃti paramāṃ gatim | saṃcinvannekamevainaṃ kāmānāvitṛptakam || 40 ||

Translation

جنہوں نے سفرِ حیات پورا کر لیا وہ غم نہیں کرتے؛ وہ پرم گتی (اعلیٰ منزل) کا دیدار کرتے ہیں۔ مگر جو صرف خواہشات ہی جمع کرتا رہے، وہ ہمیشہ بے سیر رہتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle/निषेध-अव्यय)

• śocanti: they grieve
• śocanti: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śuc (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural)

• gata-adhvānaḥ: those who have completed the path
• gata-adhvānaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gata (कृदन्त, √gam) + adhvan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (कर्मधारयवत् प्रयोगः), अर्थः ‘गतः अध्वानः येषाम्/गताध्वानाः’ (those whose path is gone/ended)

• paśyanti: they see
• paśyanti: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: paś (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• paramām: supreme
• paramām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; विशेषणम् ‘गतिम्’

• gatim: goal; destination
• gatim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• saṃcinvan: accumulating; collecting
• saṃcinvan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: saṃ-ci (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ), परस्मैपदी; प्रथमा एकवचन पुंलिङ्ग (क्रियाविशेषणवत्/कर्तृविशेषण)

• ekam: one
• ekam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् ‘enam’

• eva: indeed; only
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण (emphatic particle/अवधारण-अव्यय)

• enam: this (person/one)
• enam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam/enad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• kāmān: desires; objects of desire
• kāmān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• a-vitṛptakam: unsatiated; not satisfied
• a-vitṛptakam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a- (उपसर्ग/नञ्) + vitṛpta (कृदन्त, √tṛp) + ka (प्रातिपदिक-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; नञ्-प्रत्ययेन निषेधः; विशेषणम् ‘enam’ (unsatiated)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in the Moksha-Dharma section)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It contrasts two outcomes: the realized person who has “completed the path” sees the highest goal and is free from grief, while the desire-driven person keeps hoarding objects of craving and therefore never becomes content.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By implying that peace comes from turning away from endless desire-collection and fixing the mind on the supreme goal; in bhakti, that “paramā gati” is reached through single-pointed remembrance and surrender rather than chasing satisfactions that never fulfill.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

No specific Vedanga (like Vyakarana, Jyotisha, or Kalpa) is taught in this line; the practical takeaway is ethical-psychological discipline—reducing kama and cultivating vairagya as a prerequisite for moksha-oriented study and practice.