Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 51

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

तद्धिताश्चाप्यपत्यार्थे पांडवाः श्रैधरस्तथा । गार्ग्यो नाडायनात्रेयौ गांगेयः पैतृष्वस्रीयः ॥ ५१ ॥

Transliteration

taddhitāścāpyapatyārthe pāṃḍavāḥ śraidharastathā | gārgyo nāḍāyanātreyau gāṃgeyaḥ paitṛṣvasrīyaḥ || 51 ||

Translation

نسب/اولاد کے معنی کے لیے تَدھِّت لاحقے بھی برتے جاتے ہیں؛ ان سے ‘پانڈَو’ اور ‘شرَیدھر’ وغیرہ صورتیں بنتی ہیں۔ اسی طرح ‘گارگیہ’, ‘ناڈایَن’, ‘آتْرےیَ’, ‘گانگیہ’ اور ‘پَیتِرِشْوَسْرییَ’ جیسی صورتیں پیدا ہوتی ہیں۔

Word by Word

• taddhitāḥ: taddhita derivatives
• taddhitāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: taddhita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; तद्धित-प्रत्ययान्त शब्दाः (derivatives with taddhita affixes)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (and)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (also)

• apatya-arthe: in the sense of ‘offspring/descendant’
• apatya-arthe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: apatya (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘अपत्यस्य अर्थः’ (in the sense of offspring)

• pāṇḍavāḥ: the Pāṇḍavas; descendants of Pāṇḍu
• pāṇḍavāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāṇḍava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• śraidharaḥ: Śraidhara (a patronymic)
• śraidharaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śraidhara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; गोत्र/अपत्य-तद्धितान्त नाम

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (likewise)

• gārgyaḥ: Gārgya (descendant of Garga)
• gārgyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gārgya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; गोत्र/अपत्य-तद्धितान्त

• nāḍāyana-ātreyau: Nāḍāyana and Ātreya
• nāḍāyana-ātreyau: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāḍāyana (प्रातिपदिक) + ātreya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व

• gāṃgeyaḥ: Gāṅgeya (descendant of Gaṅgā)
• gāṃgeyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gāṃgeya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; अपत्य-तद्धितान्त (from Gaṅgā)

• paitṛṣvasrīyaḥ: paternal-aunt’s descendant/relative
• paitṛṣvasrīyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paitṛṣvasrīya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तद्धितान्त (denoting relation: paternal aunt’s son/kin)

Speaker

Narada (teaching in a technical/vedanga context, addressed within the Sanatkumara dialogue frame)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Pandava
• Garga
• Atri
• Ganga

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It highlights Vedāṅga Vyākaraṇa as a support-discipline for Dharma and Mokṣa: correct derivation and usage of lineage/kinship terms preserves the integrity of tradition, recitation, and teaching.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: Bhakti practices rely on faithful transmission of names, lineages, and teachings; grammar (Vyākaraṇa) safeguards the meaning of sacred words that devotees recite and hear.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (grammar), specifically taddhita-pratyayas used in apatyārtha—forming patronymics and kinship-based words such as Gārgya, Ātreya, and Gāṅgeya.